MMM CO Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MMM CO - Essay Exampletrust on the organization, increase the performance efficiency, grab the uttermost market share and what strategies a come with would implement to approach the customers.Internal drivers comprise of situations where the company is influenced to worry its profitability and retain its customers by applying various internal strategies. The internal drivers within an organization are center on to deliverAccording to Michael Porters book, Competitive Advantage Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance published in 1985, the concept of Value Chain was first coined (Michael Porter). According to this concept, value chain comprise of the entire unproblematic and the secondary activities within an organization that would help the firm to strengthen its position in the market as well as to improve its product or service efficiency within the market.At this stage, it is grand for MMM & Co. to focus on tout ensemble the activities of the organization that are rela ted with the receiving and storing of the raw materials especially those products which are use by the company to produce the end products. The wear the inbound logistic system of the company would be, the better would be quality of the products and the raw materials.MMM & Co. contracts to focus its attention on the operations within the company that initiate from the manufacturing of the products which involves the receiving of the raw materials and end on the final production. Throughout the operations, the company is in dire need to maintain the flow of the operations smooth as well as, to maintain the control on all the steps.Outbound logistics play a key role in getting the finish products to the customers. It revolves around the handling and shipping of the products from one place to another. The smooth flow of outbound logistics plays a crucial role in determining the profitability of the company.MMM & co. needs to focus its attention on this activity. Marketing and sales stand as the corner stone to

Evaluating UK Cigarette Market Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Evaluating UK Cigarette Market - Case Study Exampleafter all research is an interactive procedure and on occasions will need change of judgment every once in awhile. Some hew information will always try to strain the objectives but this should remain within the confines of the overall intention.BIdentifying Markets by Segmentation - This is very grievous as segmentation or division of consumers by demography (age groups, ethnicity, religion etc) or geography (region, area, berth etc) or personal differences (literacy levels, psychographic differences etc) will assist in later analysis which will show the merchandise trends.CDeveloping Market-Driven Strategies - This will establish the research design through selecting and identifying the types of information to be stack away and the sources to be used and finally to determine the instruments of research. The depth of the research (research design) can again be of ternion varieties namelyDselective information Types - There are two tpes of data. First is the Primary data that has to be collected by volunteers or professionals, as may be decided, and is to be collected through work work or mailers. Here questions are posed or sent to smokers and data collected as per sample questions given earlier. These methods include teleph single surveys, mail surveys, personal interviews or group surveys.This will widen the pattern and intensity of smokers likes, preferences and habits. From this data collected over a period of time from all territories of UK a fair idea can be made of the smokers locations, intensity, usage pattern, and preferences. The parameters can be widened or contract depending on the nature and focus of the enquiry to be undertaken.The second type of data called Secondary Data and is collected from Internet and Library resources. This is the information that already exists and can be a bit old. This data is also to be collated with the first type and gives more coverage. In case of differ ences in any one particular area or demography, it helps to find out why the change has occurred. Both types of research brook a number of activities and methods of conducting research associated with them. Secondary research is usually faster and less expensive to dominate than Primary research.Data analysis is needed to give the raw data any meaning. The first dance step in analyzing the data is cleaning and classifying the data. This is the process of checking the raw data for verification of correct data entries. This data is then coded by assigning numerical

What likely happened to the price of prostitution services in New Essay

What likely happened to the price of harlotry operate in new-made jersey during the most new crack Bowl and why - Essay ExampleDuring the core, prices were adjusted accordingly, and this made the prices go up collectable to the various reasons outlined in this paper.First, the increases in demand for sex in New Jersey during the Super Bowl event lead to an increase in prices of the prostitution run in the city. In sparing terms, prostitution refers to a commodity traded in a supplying and demand market. Braeutigan illustrates that, if the demand of the commodity increases and the supply remains constant then prices of that commodity goes up (45). The influx of people in New Jersey to watch the Super Bowl games at Mat Life stadium increased the demand for prostitution, which in turn increased the price of the prostitution services in the city.Second, the constant supply of prostitution services during the Super Bowl also contributed to the increase in price of prostitution services in New Jersey (Stigler 6). Super Bowl event attracted tens of thousands of people to the city of whom most of them wanted prostitution services. referable to the constant supply of the service provided during the event, the prices went up. There was a low level of supply of the prostitution services in the city during the event because of the Super Bowl crackdown, strict rules and regulations laid by the NYID police during the event. These were meant to edit the number of prostitution providers in the city who were not legally permitted into the business. Therefore, the supply of the prostitution services during the event was very low, hence caused the increase in the prices of the prostitution services in the cityThird grammatical constituent that lead to increase in the prices of prostitution services in New Jersey is the monopolistic argument market structure in New Jersey. This type of the market structure is where there are a couple of(prenominal) firms in the pro stitution industry more so during the Super Bowl event. This created the monopoly power in the prostitution industry in the New Jersey, which resulted in high

Health policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

Health policy - Essay Example every Americans hold a health insurance, failing which they get to pay a fine, and secondly various measures have been taken to cut crush health related costs. These methods include providing health care institutions rewards for cutting down costs while penalizing them for bad care. The results have been phenomenal so far as according to info taken from Jan 2012 to Dec 2013, there has been a significant 8% decline in readmission cases (The Economist).Obamacare is likely to secrete the health budget that currently makes up a very high percentage of the GDP, thus allowing the American government to spend the money in other feasible projects. I completely agree with the views presented it the article, as well as with the view with which Obamacare was introduced as I believe prior to this bill there was a lot of negligence and over charging done by doctors for their own benefit. However, this bill would put an end to such(prenominal) illegal practices an d help save millions of dollars of US tax payers which can be routed to other important projects (The

DQweek1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

DQweek1 - Essay ExampleIf bitmap anatomy be exercisingd, then the images get out be blurred and will not be clear when they ar be viewed. The advantage of using this is that the drawings will show the various boundaries between the different types of plants that ar found in a botanical setting (Griep, 2005).Fingerprints argon drawn by using bitmaps. This is because finger prints are not that clear. The representation of the lines and the prints on the finger are not that clear. The use of bitmaps should be differentiated so that the dots tin can be used to connect the various lines. It is more impressive and representative when bitmaps are used in the drawing of fingerprints.Cartoons re drawn using lines so that the outline is well defined. This will therefore use lines to connect the vignette. Using bitmaps will not being the outline and will come the notion that the cartoon is a picture of something and not a drawing.A satellite image is represented using bitmaps. This is because it is an image. The image brings out the notion of a picture. In this case, we are representing a picture which is an image of a satellite. We are not representing a daring in this case. We are representing an image which should be represented using bitmaps to bring out the image and the notion of a picture.A photograph is not drawn. There are dots which are located in the photograph. There is no line outline that is used in online of the photograph. The clarity of the photographs will depend on the clarity and the make/model of the device which has been used to take the photograph. The advantage of this is that if the dots are distributed, then the image will not be that clear. It will be hard to get the details and decipher the meaning from the image that has been shown.There are various differing formats of graphics. The graphic is converted or contain in a certain format because they serve the purpose better in that format that the substance abuser does want. There are various

Economics regarding Oligoploy markets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Economics regarding Oligoploy markets - canvas ExamplePerfect competition has always been considered to be best for the consumer and is favoured by nations. It is the ideal situation where tout ensemble similar or identical harvest-tides are available simultaneously to all buyers. This would make it impossible for two buyers and seller to influence prices. Demand and Supply will determine price at any charge in time. In the real world however there is little evidence of such conditions.In the continuum between monopoly and stark(a) competition Oligopoly has raised its dreadful form to the detriment of the consumer. This is the situation where a fewer sellers, usually three or four, control the ply side and influence the customer to accept their product or service along with the price they dictate. What is not so obvious is that they also force their supply chain to accept this dictatorial attitude to get the best prices and terms. The beauty of this entire operation is that both(prenominal) consumers as well as the supply chain consider the oligopoly as their benefactor and willingly bring to their ideology. Even the state is fooled by them into the false thinking that they contribute positively to the economy by providing ample job opportunity and creating excellent platforms for increasing efficiency and quality. But the fact is that an oligopoly is exploitative although it appears to be favorable and when it hurts it is often too late to help the stakeholders.An Oligopoly is a cluster of companies that deal with similar products or service and offer them within a very narrow band of prices to the consumers. It makes a great show of perfect competition as prices and products are similar and the intensity of rivalry is perceived through their aggressive and glib promotional tactics. On the surface, externally, there is great fanfare of competition and competitive advantage but in reality there is great conformity amongst them.An

International business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 10

internationalist business - Essay ExampleIt means the values reflect the countrys ideologies of democracy afterwards coming from a Civil War and their Muslim dominated populace at approximately 71.3 percent. Christianity follows well at 20 to 30 percent of total population meaning religious violence is exactly witnessed in the country. On that account, most of above cultural analyses often result to various opportunities such as encouraging ethnic tolerance between citizens who still bear fresh memories of the Civil War. Other opportunities acknowledge fostering an Afri keep identity and nationalism to promote virtues such as honesty, trust, and love (Duncan et al 133). However, at that place are also threats that could be orchestrated by aspects of culture in terms of religion control that could erupt into sectarian violence to another ethnic conflagration. Another imminent threat entails backward beliefs that offend to integrate emerging changes occasioned by technology an d globalization as noted with the countrys coarse potential.Geography and climate are vital factors for anybody with prospects of establishing any international meant to attract a global clientele. In Sierra Leone, for instance, with its location at the west coast of Africa has lowland plains, which harbour forests, farmland, and bush. It implies that the countrys survive is moderate for exploring opportunities such as creation of different forms of infrastructure. On that note, infrastructure entail passable roads and railway lines that can facilitate transport of goods and services. Another opportunity involves the forest-savannah ecoregion that equally supports a business that can thrive in tropical areas such as Northern parts of Sierra Leone. Unfortunately the geographic and physical parts of the nation have also elicited numerous threats for potential investors particularly for doing international business (Haggett 108). Unsustainable

Respons Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Respons - Essay vitrineI agree with the author beca use of goods and services use call off while walking is dangerous as it distracts a person from external environment and causes accidents and even death.Many a times, people underestimate the negative consequences of using a cell phone while walking or driving. For instance, last week while I was walking along the side way, I saw a young man talking on the phone and crossing the road. In a second, I could here is scream as he was concern by a car and injured his leg. Here Matt Ritchell is right in focusing on multi tasking while on phone as it is a very dangerous act.The use of cell- phone back stop over have many adverse effect including legal penalties .It is seen that many times children use cell phone at schools which can get them punishment. Last month, one of my neighbors kid was thrown by of class out-of-pocket the use of cell phone during class hours. Even at work, excessive use of cell phone can result in harmful c onsequences. Few days back my aces brother was fired from work due to his excessive texting at work.In the article appearance Imitation of Film Heres Smoking at You, Kid Nicholas Bakalar claims of the imitation of fastball behavior in children due to watching smoking in movies. Generally children have a high tendency to imitate, and smoking is the some easily imitated behavior from movies. According to a study conducted with 6522 children nationwide it was revealed that children exposed to smoking in movies had cardinal and half times chance to start smoking. I agree with the author here as it is a proven fact that children exposed to smoking through movies have a high tendency to end up as smokers in future.It is usually observed that parents and government authorities ignore the effect of smoking in movies on young children. When last time I visited movies, I have noticed fate of young children smoking outside the theatre.It could be that these children were regular visitor to

Monetary Policy and the Stock Market Dissertation

Monetary Policy and the Stock Market - Dissertation ExampleOne monetary instrument that is normally utilise by governances is the issuance of treasury bills or government bonds wherein the earning pertain rank ordain generally be followed by the banks of that country. By using the enliven rates that go out watch the treasury-bill holders profits will slowly influence the financial market to adjust its vex rates. In the absence of early(a) economic indicators, the treasury-bill interest rates will not only be adopted by the banks in their own financial transactions but it will also be used as the bench mark for the amount of notes that will be available to borrowers. In theory, if the interest rates are low more people will borrow bills from the banks. If the interest rates are high, the theory sustains that little to no borrower will loan money from the banks and most economic activity will be financed from in-house sources. Other instruments or federal agency of cond ucting monetary policy includes making the government as the lender of last resort wherein the government will be the source of funds that will be available to borrowers normally a function provided by banks and other financial institutions. Another means of conducting monetary policy includes changing the reserve requirements in banks in order for them to operate. Another is where the government announces its inclination to reduce or control pretension or by simply indicating the interest rates it wants for the money it intends to loan out. And last but not the least is moral suasions.... Meanwhile the true value of money is dependent on several factors such as the actual value of the goods that can be bought by the money or its value as compared with other currencies. However, given that these factors are also dependent on other economic indicators such as inflation and the volume of foreign currency reserve a country has, the correlation of the monetary policy of a country with its interest rates, stock market performance, and inflation will be explored by this paper. Monetary policy is implemented by increasing or light the interest rates that is in theory would be able to inversely increase or decrease the supply of currency in circulation. In fine, the monetary policy of a country controls the amount or volume of currency in circulation to stimulate growth or maintain the stability of its economy. The primary cargo of a governments monetary authority is to create the optimal monetary policy that will stabilize prices for its basic commodities and encourage investment. The trick however is how to make banks and other financial institutions follow the interest rates the governments monetary authorities desires. One financial instrument that is normally used by governments is the issuance of treasury bills or government bonds wherein the earning interest rates will generally be followed by the banks of that country. By using the interest rates that will define the treasury-bill holders earnings will slowly influence the financial market to adjust its interest rates. In the absence of other economic indicators, the treasury-bill interest rates will not only be adopted by the banks in their own financial transactions but it will also be

Hazardous Waste Incinerator Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

doubtful Waste Incinerator - Essay ExampleHowever, it will be worth it because the environment will be sound for future generations.Annual price of the household hazardous incinerator = Running costs + Salaries + Insurance costs = locution costs / 15 years (Dividing the construction cost by 15 years, allows the estimation an annual cost of the incinerator over the 15 year period)Although the hazardous incinerator costs $ 389,667 annually, the communitys incinerator is useful to the environment. It prevents the unfortunate occurrences of the twentieth century in the United States. Municipal councils are often unable to achieve proper and serious disposal of refuse. As a result, issues like the Mobro incident of 1987 occur (Worell& Vesilind, 2012). However, a household incinerator for the community ensures that hearty waste does not contribute to environmental pollution or the municipals burden. Finally, the incinerator will be useful for around five years. This means that the c ommunity will have an opportunity to upgrade the incinerators technology to be able to process solid waste products more safely. This is because environmental technology is fast developing to requite the environments

Contradictions and the Legitimacy of Law in Early American History Essay

Contradictions and the Legitimacy of Law in Early American History - Essay ExampleThis indignity suffered by black slaves are shown here in an example of romp slave advertisementApril 23, 1738. RAN away from the Subscriber in Lancaster County, the 17th Instant, a dark Mullatto Fellow, named Will He is a lusty, well-set Fellow, aged about 42 years he is pretty much Pock-fretten, and has a Lump on the hind Part of One of his Legs, near his Heel. He wore a Mans Cloth Jacket, a Pair of brown Cotton Breeches, and an Ozenbrig Shirt, he carried with him, a white Fustian Jacket, a lopping Ax, and a meet He is a Carpenter, Sawyer, Shoemaker, and Cooper. Whoever will apprehend the said Slave, or give Intelligence so that he may be had again, shall be sufficiently rewarded, besides what the Law allows, paid by James Ball. unfortunately for the escaped slave did not just enjoy the freedom from their oppression, the laws of the day also allowed for their capture. It had gotten to the point in t he American slavery period that the slave owners convinced enough members of the senate and governing bodies to enact a unexampled law that would cede anyone who did not capture a slave when they had the opportunity to be charged with a fine of $1,000.Written into the United States Constitution, the Thirteenth Amendment makes involuntary servitude illegal under any US legal power whether at the hands of the US government or in the private sphere, except as punishment for a disgust incomplete slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been punctually convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place rout to their jurisdiction. With this amendment written into the United States Constitution, Amendment XIII effectively abolished slavery and, with the exception of allowing punishments for crimes, prohibits involuntary servitude. The article statesSection 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a puni shment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.Section 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. (United States Constitution Amendment XIII, 1869)President Abraham Lincolns Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 was a prelude to the Thirteenth Amendment being written into the Constitution as the Emancipation Proclamation had only at the time applied to the slaves that were being held in areas of the country were in rebellion against the north, or what was known as the United States of that time during the time of Proclamation. In the areas that were controlled by the Union, or the south, the slaves were not freed until this amendment took effect.In the present day, the self-governing Court has ruled that the only situations where the Thirteenth Amendment cannot be applied as a violation is in the cases of mandatory military service and within method s used for involuntary servitude by convicted criminals in such instances of a chain gang unless they are ruled cruel and unusual punishment methods. The Thirteenth Amendment also prohibits limited performance as a judicial remedy for violations of contracts for personal services such as exercise

Consider the Young Turk proclamation in light of the Declaration of Essay

Consider the Young Turk proclamation in light of the Declaration of the Rights of Man - canvas ExampleIt also controls their term. Description of citizens with the indemnify to guidance on free formation of policy-making groups. The shape on what the official language the Ottoman citizens should use. Rules on citizens employment rights, right to liberty and the right to equality, irrespective of religion, and nationality Rules on religious privileges. Guidance on what should be done when it comes to reorganization of reconcile forces. quality rights rules. Education and operation of educational institutions. The responsibility of the state in school operations. The law on the plains welf are and measures taken to improve its wealth. Declaration of the Rights of Man 1789 This is a document formed to succor reduce public calamities and corruption of governments. It is a formal declaration of the privileges of human race that should be respected. The object of the declaration is to remind all the supporters of the social sector of their privileges and moralities in the society. It is to control there is respect for the acts of administrator and legislative power. The formal declaration was also developed in order to maintain the constitution and ensure happiness for all citizens. Contents about the rights of man include Inborn rights and social distinctions. The role of political associations in preservation of the rights of human race. The rules on principles of sovereignty. What liberty is and the exercise of natural rights. It also offers guidance on limits of exercise of natural rights. The laws directional the exercise of natural rights, what is prohibited and what is not. Equality in expression of law. Rules guiding imprisonment, arrests and accusations. Laws guiding provision of punishments. The role of the law on repressing harshness in securing a prisoner. emancipation of expression of opinions and views. Free communication laws. Requirement s of security rights. Rules about management of public forces and administration. Rules guiding the right to finish making. The rights of the society. Rules about the constitution and the society. Laws about acquisition of property. Demand of the Two Documents The tradition springing from the French revolution is seeming(a) in the, declaration of the rights of man. In this document, corruptions in government and public calamities have motivated the formation of rules. The rules are based on the assumption that peoples neglect, ignorance and disrespect of the privileges of man were the causes of public disorder. The rules preserving the rights of man were hypothesise to inform and remind people in order to reduce public calamities and corruption. They were meant to develop respect for the decision maker and legislative powers and to maintain the constitution to ensure happiness of all. Focus of such a declaration is entirely different from the focus of the proclamation of Young Turks. Young Turks proclamation has covered various areas. It has focused on leadership matters, their reign and powers the rights of the citizens to vote, constitution of political groups official language of the nation citizen liberty and equality rights. At the same time, it covers their duties relative to the state and rights to employment issues concerning religion privileges and freedom of expression organization and management of state forces. That is why it unveils property rights, acquisition of lands, government services such as

Honorifics Similarities of the Guugu Yimidhirr and Japanese Languages Essay

Honorifics Similarities of the Guugu Yimidhirr and Japanese Languages - Essay Example champion of the most intriguing qualities of the Guugu Yimidhirr language is its honorific system in other words, the way in which abidance is paid to certain members of the family or the society with the use of a detail word over another. In particular, the honorific system requires the use of deference words and tone to a brother-in-law or father-in-law. The Japanese and Guugu Yimidhir languages were born(p) for essentially the same purpose to solidify a social structure that organically evolved to support a burgeoning society and, eventually, a larger nation. Where the Guugu Yimidhirr language has maintained its more traditional deference language mainly for use in speaking to brothers- and fathers- in law who in turn provide essential service for the community, Japanese culture has evolved and with it the use of respectful language for business purposes. Whorfian theory can be employ in t erms of the Aboriginal group, however Japanese language has not been a mirror unto itself and has changed to include the needs of its society.The function of the honorifics within the Guugu Yimidhirr language is to essentially uphold an established social structure. The culture of these pot is such that a certain stratification is basic to the continuation of the societal framework deference mustiness be paid to those members of society who are, in terms of the culture, of higher importance and reverence within the community and the society on the whole. Brothers-in-law and fathers-in-law are considered honorable members of the community in that they are wise and instrumental to the run of day-to-day life. This is a generally accepted view of Guugu Yimidhirr, with many subscribers to the idea that the language is what the society was initially, and at a time is, fixed upon.In contrast to this theory, however, Foley suggests that the key to understanding the use of honorifics wi thin this particular language is to flirt the Whorfian theories into play in short, to examine the idea that the words used in context are not merely a product of initial societal roles but that they are currently responsible for plastic the worldview of the Guugu Yimidhirr themselves (Foley 1997). Being raised in an environment where it is socially unacceptable to say Balin-ga (porcupine) to your father- or brother-in-law instead of the deferential nhalngarr (Shopen 1979) means that children are acculturated to believe in the existing social structures and to use them with little resistance. Shopen points out that the deferential vocabulary within Guugu Yimidhirr is not a substantial sub-language, but instead a special fasten of words and phrases that are interchangeable with parts of the regular language. This is notable because it shows that the social structure is not completely, stringently stratified, but that it merely demands a level of respect for those on whom the comm unity depends. Modern Japanese HonorificsThe Japanese language today is another, like Guugu Yimidhirr, that has evolved over centuries and in doing so has developed and maintained honorifics. The three specific levels of Japanese honorifics, delineated by linguists, are Polite, Respectful and Humble Language. Teineigo, or Polite Language, is marked by the use of special sentence and verb endings desu and masu, respectively (Maynard 1997). This is the language version taught to non-native speakers of Japanese. Sonkeigo, or Respectful Language, is used in reference to superiors and is characterized by the use of alternate words. For example, instead of using the verb suwaru as would be done when referring to oneself seance down, the phrase o kake ni natte kudasai is used to ask someone in a superior office (this includes customers)

Describe the main features of virture project management techniques in Essay

Describe the main features of virture compute solicitude techniques in the digital age and provide a critieal reflection on their use in managing projects - Essay ExampleThe study has been conducted in several stages. The first stage was a review of germane(predicate) literature, followed by a discussion on specific topics. Leading textbooks on PM and publications in assorted journals have been referred to. The study has been laid out in several sections. Sections include principal characteristics of virtual and worldwide projects attributes of virtual teams and communication channels motivating teams and PM environment agile PM change management for agile PM and conclusion. Throughout the study, the focus has been on the agile aspect of PM.Ideas, human mental imagerys, products, services, and skills move freely regardless of boundaries in global economies. The flow of knowledge, products and services, and capital reflects the economic interdependence between organizations and countries. In globalized economies, resources could be obtained in one market and used for business in another. For example, it is possible to purchase manufacturing equipment from Germany, make products in Greece, and sell products all over Europe. In summary, a firms competitive environment is do by the global economy.A significant change in the practice of PM has been information management. hit (2008) observed that the availability of powerful softw are has seen a shift in data processing from a separate department to the professionals desk. Project excogitatening software helps the project manager plan and control projects. However, it can be effective only when planning and control techniques are clearly understood. Projects are generally subdivided into different phases for ease of management. These phases are collectively termed as the project lifecycle. According to Burke (2008) techniques for PM include critical path method work breakdown structure earned value resource smoothing and configuration control.According to Cadle and Yeates (2004) characteristics of projects include finite and transitory nature uniqueness

Understanding the new hazards associated with terrorism Essay

sagacity the new hazards associated with terrorism - Essay ExampleThe basic purpose of this education campaign is to make sure that the general public allays its fear of terrorism and gets to know a better idea of how things shape up within the relevant scheme of things as far as the discussion of terror is concerned. This will be resolved amicably if there is an understanding that the terrorism is a sin in its most heinous form and shall always be tackled in a proper manner. The public education campaign would fix on detailing the hazards that would mar the very basis of interpenetrateing terrorism (Masse, 2009). The efforts would be on baseball mitt to make sure that the people remain abreast of the changing terror think events that are spread all over the world, and can happen anytime anywhere. What is most important under such a riding horse is to know that people are being told what they ought to know so that sanity could prevail within their related ranks. This public e ducation campaign will list down the significant steps that gather up to be understood by all and sundry, as well as apprise the people as to how they mustiness change their respective courses over a period of time. It will tell the audience what precautionary measures they need to take and how proactive attitude could lead to minimal loss of life and property in the enormous run.

Women in Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Women in Psychology - Essay ExampleKaren Horney maintained additional views of children and the onset of anxiety, granting her gaze in the psychological community. This project describes the background of Karen Horney and highlights her many contributions to psychology.Karen Horney (1885-1952) grew up in Hamburg, Germany to more affluent, upper-middle-class parents with a Protestant background. Horneys father was a deeply religious man and a ship professional while her mother was a more liberal thinker who promoted Horney to succeed in medical take aim (Smith, 2007). This was during a period in the early 20th Century when women had not yet achieved the right to vote, make Horneys arrival in medical school in 1906 a monumental event, especially with her charge on studying Freuds viewpoints on psychoanalysis (Eckardt, 2005).In the 1920s, Horney began to challenge Freuds viewpoint on masculinity and femininity, especially in areas of sexual development and sexual instinct. She beg an to criticize Freuds perspective in which he believed that women felt inferior to men because they did not have a penis (Eckardt). Horney felt that this was a very one-sided perspective, riddled with masculine narcissism, which consistently created bias against women during psychoanalysis. Over time, Horney redeveloped Freuds view on feminine sexuality and created a new template by which women are assessed One in which the absence seizure of a penis no longer became the perceived foundation of womens troubles. In a sense, establish on the womens suffrage movements occurring during this time period, Horney managed to liberate women when being analyzed for psychological study as more than merely the product of masculine envy.Sigmund Freud laid the foundation for many of the views of the time regarding anxiety and the development of positive personality traits. Over the years, Karen Horney redeveloped the view of anxiety by suggesting that anxiety is not

Audience Analysis Essay Example for Free

Audience Analysis EssayMany of us may know that teat crab louse is a real prominent disease. With bosom cancer being one of the top five killers of man-kind, I regarded to give information in regards to what the disease is. This disease is Cancer of the Breast one of the roughly common malignancies in women in the US. This topic means a lot to me being that Ive watched both grandmothers die from the disease and currently watching a auntie battle from it, not to mention my florists chrysanthemum being a survivor, so in my opinion this topic felt extremely suit competent for this illuminating speech. The purpose of my speech being on Breast Cancer, is simply to inform my audience about what Breast Cancer is, who/what it effects and its early detection. According to the American Cancer Society (ACS), breast cancer is the around widespread cancer in U.S. women, it is very severe that women/men become aware of this disease.More than two million women are living with breast cancer, and more than 40,000 deaths are expected this year. The death rate has dropped steady since 1990 (averaging a 2.3% decrease per year) due to improvements in early detection and treatment the 5-year survival rate has come up to 88% (ACS, 2005). The type of organizational pattern I plan on using is being able to inform I want to be able to educate my audience about my topic. I want to include some facts and statistics based on my research in regards. The information I plan to offer up to my audience will be useful and interesting to help them develop their own questions and thoughts about breast cancer.ReferencesAmerican Cancer Society (ACS) . ( 2005 ). Breast cancer facts and figures, 200506 . Atlanta Author .

Annotated Biblography Essay Example for Free

Annotated Biblography EssayKristen E. Van Vonderen, M. S. , William Kinnally, Ph. D. (2012), Media Effects on Body Image Examining Media word-painting in the Broader Context of Internal and Other Social Factors. Volume 14, Issue 2. 41-57. American Communication Journal. abbreviation Vonderson and Kinnallys oblige discusses the influence media has on women today and the way they see themselves. Being everyplaceweight has much(prenominal) negative stigmatism to it that women who are considered to be overweigh feel as though they are unlovable or no-win because they dont look like the women in magazines. They touch on the subject of the influence from parents and peers. Parents who comment on their barbarians physical appearance convey re mains image norms that could lead to negative association with body shape. In the term they also talk approximately internal influences such as self-esteem and how, in part, it is a reflection of the opinion others hold of you. Analysis V onderson and Kinnallys approach to informing us about how women are portrayed in magazines is both informative and surprising.I, myself being a young women was to a greater extent than apprised of the issue with body image and the media. I personally have thought less of myself after looking for through a magazine or watching a movie because of how thin and beautiful those women are. scarce I was not aware of the many causes that influence women into thinking so negatively. Reflection This particular article was very informative and helpful towards my inquiry paper topic because it was exactly what I am theme about.Going into this project, I thought I knew quite a bit of information on this topic, hardly now reading these articles I realize that there is much more to the influence media has on women than I had imagined. Gemma Lopez- Guimera, Micheal P. Levine, David Sanchez-Carracedo, Jordi Fauquet. (2010), Influence of Mass Media on Body Image and Eating Disordered Attitudes a nd Behavior in Females A Review of Effects and Processes. Media Psychology, 13387 416. Print epitome This article reviews research on the effects of television andmagazines on body image and on disordered ingest attitudes and behaviors in females. Evidence from different types of studies in the fields of eating disorders, media psychology, health psychology, and volume communication indicates that mass media are an extremely important informant of information and reinforcement in relation to the nature of the thin beauty ideal, its importance, and how to attain it. Although considerable research remains to be done, evidence is accumulating that repeated exposure to media and to both direct and indirect (via medias effects on peers, parents, coaches, physicians, etc.) pressures from media to be thin constitute risk factors for body dissatisfaction, concerns over weight and disordered eating behaviors in adolescent girls and young women. Analysis I pitch this article to be both presumable and reliable mainly on the fact that its research was conducted professionally. The multiple authors of this article are reasonable because they are head departments of psychology, clinical and health psychology, psychobiology, and methodology of health sciences all from admirable universities all over the world. Reflection This article help shapes the arguments in my research paper.My research paper is on the topic of mass media and its influence on society and with an article that focuses just on the female aspect of it, it will rightfully help my arguments. So, J. and Nabi, R. (2013), Reduction of Perceived Social Distance as an Explanation for Medias Influence on private Risk Perceptions A Test of the Risk Convergence Model. Human Communication Research, 39 317338. Print Summary The aim of this study was to develop the Perceived Parental Media Mediation Scale (PPMMS). in an initial interrogation of this model, 500 undergraduate students at the University of Calif ornia, Santa Barbara, participated in an experiment.Participants were exposed to entertainment clips that either portrayed a main character who is diagnosed with a sexually transmitted disease or thinks he/she might have caught an STD and gets scared of testing for it. Overall, the risk convergence model received solid support from the data, with all paths emerging as significant except for the link between perceived realism and social keep. Reduction of social maintain completely mediated the relationship between identification, transportation and personal risk perceptions, thus suggesting social distance as a valid causal mechanism of the process involving the two variables.Analysis This article is conceivable because studies were conducted at multiple universities such as University of Georgia and UC Santa Barbara by experts in the Department of Communications. I found this article to be non biased based on the fact that they had conducted numerous experiments and tests on a heavy(a) number of students and still found that their risk perception was influenced by the media. Reflection I found this article to be very helpful with my research paper, being that it was a rather long article with more than enough information explaining medias influence on personal risk perception.

Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet Essay Example for Free

Advantages and Disadvantages of the internet hearMany plurality fear the net profit because of its disadvantages. They claim to non use the Internet because they argon afraid(predicate) of the possible consequences or argon simply not interested. People who have yet connected to the Internet claim they are not missing anything. Todays technological society moldiness sop up that it is up to them to protect themselves on the Internet. Children apply the Internet have become a big concern. nigh parents do not realize the dangers involved when their children connect to the Internet. When children are online, they lavatory easily be lured into something dangerous. For example, children whitethorn receive pornography online by mistake thitherfore, causing concern among parents everywhere. Whether circuit breakering the Web, reading newsgroups, or using email, children can be exposed to extremely inappropriate material. To keep children safe, parents and teachers must be a ware of the dangers. They must actively guide and guard their children online.There are a number of tools procurable today that may help keep the Internet environment safer for children. Musicians are also concerned with disadvantages to the Net such as, availableness and freedom. They are upset because the Internet put ups their music online at no charge to consumers. File- sharing services, such as Napster, provide copyrighted songs to completely Internet users. The main concern is the music is free Musicians feel they are not getting paid for their work. Because of Napster, it is almost impossible to close down all file-sharing services because there are too some(prenominal) of them to count. Another major disadvantage of the Internet is privacy. Electronic messages sent over the Internet can be easily tracked, revealing who is addressing to whom and what they are talking about.As people surf the Internet, they are constantly giving information to web sites. People should b ecome aware that the collection, selling, or sharing of the information they provide online increases the chances that their information will fall into the wrong hands. When giving personal information on the Internet, people should make sure the Web site is protected with a recognizable security symbol. On the other hand, this does not mean they are fully protected because anyone may obtain a users information. In other words, the most common Internet crimes are frauds. Today, not only valet getting viruses, but computers are also. Computers are mainly getting these viruses from the Internet, yet viruses may also be transferred through floppy disks.However, people should mainly be concerned about receiving viruses from the Internet. Some of these dangerous viruses obliterate the computers entire hard drive, meaning that the user can no longer entranceway the computer. Virus protection is highly recommended. Despite all of the terrible disadvantages of the Internet, there are num erous advantages. In fact, the advantages weigh out the disadvantages. The most common thing the Internet is used for is research. Children and students are among the top people who use the Internet for research. Nowadays, it is almost required that students use the Internet for research. The Internet has become one of the biggest sources for research. approximately everyday, research on medical issues becomes easier to locate. Web sites have become available for people to research diseases and talk to doctors online at sites such as, Americas Doctor. Entertainment is another popular reason why many people surf the Internet.Downloading games, going into chat rooms or just surfing the Web are some of the uses people have discovered. There are numerous games that may be downloaded from the Internet at no charge. Chat rooms are popular because users can meet new and interesting people. In fact, the Internet has been used by people to find life long partners. When people surf the Web, there are numerous things that can be found. Music, hobbies, news and more can be found on the Internet. Another popular thing to do on the Internet is to check out the news. Almost all local news can be obtained through the Internet. Up to date sports scores are believably the most popular looked at news. Sports scores are updated on the Internet as soon as the game ends. Weather is also a popular source to look up on the Internet. development the Internet to get the weather allows people to view weather all over the world. Live microwave radar all over the country and local forecasts are just to name a fewer of the things that may be obtained for weather information on the Internet. Shopping online has also become a huge achiever and is considered a great advantage of the Internet. No matter what people are shopping for, it can be found on the Internet. People do not steady have to leave their homes. A few companies have collected millions of dollars using the Internet for se lling. Clothing is probably one of the most bought items online. Almost every major clothing store has its on Web site.In fact, In US, people can even go grocery shopping online using such sites as Priceline.com. Just one click of the snarf on the items they want to purchase and the items are delivered to their front door. Unfortunately, this kind of service is not yet available in Malaysia for the time being. Groceries and clothing are only a few of the items that may be bought on the Internet. In conclusion, todays society is in the middle of a technological boom. People can either choose to take advantage of this era, or simply let it pass them by. The Internet is a very powerful tool. It has many advantages however, people need to be extremely aware of the disadvantages as well.

Charles Darwin Essay Example for Free

Charles Darwin EssayCharles Darwin was a British scientist who came up with the idea of the conjecture of Evolution. He was also a botanist which would be ace of the reasons what lead him towards inventing his Theory of Evolution. Why and How?Charles Darwin traveled to the Galapagos Island as a biologist. He travelled on a ship which was undertaking surveys of the Pacific Ocean. His navigate was to examine plants and animals on the islands through which he came up with Theory of Evolution. Charles Darwin came up with his Theory of Evolution later on surveying birds on each island he went to. He saw finches but they all had different beaks, one finch had a dour beak the other had a short beak and another had a dipping beak. later seeing all this Charles Darwin started thinking and so he thought why does one bird suffer a long beak and the other puddle a small beak. During his voyage on the beagle he carried on observing and found fossils and also saw consistent results f or which he came up with the opening of evolution. His system explained that all living things have a common ancestor. The finches he discovered had different beaks and so he came up with the conclusion that all of these finches had a common ancestor and then they all take ond from that common ancestor. guessCharles Darwins hypothesis was that every living thing has a common ancestor and that we all evolve from that common ancestor. His reason for us all evolving was that so we can adapt with the nature around us and survive. For example giraffes have long necks, according to Charles Darwin these giraffes had a common ancestor who had short necks from eon to time a mutation resulted in a giraffe having a long neck. The reason being is so that, the giraffe could reach the trees better and get extra food and be more prone to tarry alive and reproduce than all of the other giraffes. Eventually, the attribute would be passed toss off until generally most giraffes had long necks.Ev idence and proofJean Baptise Lamarck, who was a French naturalist, discovered his own conjecture sooner Charles Darwin discovered his Theory of Evolution. Lamarcks theory was that organisms would pass their attribute down to their generations for example if someone was to loos their build up then their coming baby would be born without a arm and then it would get passed down the generation and then eventually you would find most people without an arm. Charles Darwins theory contradicted to Lamarcks theory and so people didnt believe in his Theory of Evolution. Also Charles Darwin lacked in evidence because he had no evidence that all the finches have a common ancestor or that all organisms have an common ancestor and so because of him not having enough evidence he lacked proof and so his theory wasnt reliable.

Smoking in the UK - economic analysis of its costs Essay Example for Free

take in in the UK economic analysis of its costs Essayjoined Kingdom was the original state of locoweed prevalence and sens has caused widespread expiration of the first countries. According to ASH1 (2011) there are well-nigh 10 million adults who smoke backsides in Great Britain which is about a sixth of the total UK population. Throughout the United Kingdom, there was about bingle-third per cent of all(prenominal) the middle ages deaths caused by consume. Therefore, United Kingdom is one of the closely importance states of baccy control.G everyplacenment control on queer consumption through contrastive instruments such as ad-all advertising and furtherance of tobacco are banned in the UK taxation-taxation is probably the almost effective means of reducing tobacco consumption. Raising tobacco monetary values through taxation erect top in signifi groundworkt benefits to the economy. For instance, a 5% set make up would result in 190,000 fewer smokers and inc rease government r level offue by 520 million per year in the first five years.As can be seen in figure 1, the numbers show that between 1991 and 2001 the retail price of cigarettes increased by about 80% in real terms. This is explained to a large extent by tax increases over the same period the proportion of tax in the retail price rose from 73% to 80%.1.2 Definition1.2.1 External benefitExternal benefit is the benefit to the third party who is non come to into the activity which causes the cost (Anderton, 200896)1.2.2 External costExternal cost is the cost to the third party who is not involved into the activity which causes the cost (Anderton, 200896)1.3 TheoryThis topic exist the relationship between demand and price which is if price increases, the quantity demanded becomes lower. Furthermore, taxation is a factor of the increase and drop of demand and supply. Besides, advertising withal is an important factor to regularize the demand of cigarette.1.4 AimsThis article will tell you the positive and negative externalities of cigarette smoking. Moreover, it offers how effective the government had been done for reducing consumption of cigarette and also the other opinions of government instruments which can control the consumption of tobacco are included.2. Finding2.1 External benefit of smokingNowadays, there is a great deal of data show that cigarette is not good for our human. However, smoking cigarette salve has its advantage. According to an article published in 1995 in Neuro acquaintance Biobehavioral Reviews, the smoking rates of schizophrenics have much high than plurality with other mental illnesses. Therefore, smoking cigarette can alleviate symptoms of mental illnesses such as anxiety and schizophrenia.2.2 External cost of smoking2.21 Secondhand smokingIn a research, nonoperational smoking cause about 600,000 deaths per year all over the world. (ASH 1,2011)Thus, secondhand smoking is a big paradox in UK. It is not only passive smoker ea sier than the smoker to get decease it is also influence the later generations. According to an article Smoking in Public place (2003) shows that the link between passive smoking and both lung cancer and coronary heart disease, increasing the risk for each by near 25%. Secondhand smoking also does harm to babies and children which with an increased risk of respiratory infections, increased ruggedness of asthma symptoms, more frequent occurrence of chronic coughs, phlegm and wheezing, and increased risk of cot death and glue ear.(ASH1, 2011)2.3 The policy of UK Government?2.31 The ban of advertisingAdvertisement has high influence in propagating. Thus, prohibiting the advertising of cigarette is a useful way to control the consumption of tobacco. The Tobacco Advertising and Promotion get along which was enacted in 2003, prohibited virtually all forms of tobacco advertising and promotion, including print media and billboards, and sponsorship of sport was finally nix by July 2005. Moreover, as the ASH (2011) said that the UK Government estimated that banning cigarette advertising would lead to the decrease of consumption of around 3%.2.32 The prohibiting in public placeSmoking in public places and workplaces is right off banned by law in UK. Except some places which include guest bedrooms in hotels and sure rooms in care homes, hospices and prisons. (ASH, 2011)Other public place and work place must no smoking such as restaurant. One typical example is Pizza Hut restaurants where smoking has no daylong been permitted in all the 350 restaurants since early this year (Smoking in public place, 2003)3. Discussions3.1 TaxationRaising tobacco prices through increase taxation is a useful means. Smoking forever and a day bad for our health and a atomic reactor of young people also smoke. Controlling consumption of tobacco by taxation is probably the most effective (and certainly the most cost-effective) means. As we can see in Table2, the tax of cigarette was alw ays increasing from 1990 to 2011.So when the price of tobacco increase, the demand of cigarette follows decrease. According to ASH 3the Treasury earned 10.5 one million million million in revenue from tobacco duties for the financial year 2009-2010 (including VAT) Thus, government can control the consumption of cigarette reducing so that decreases the death of people who died because of smoking.From a data The UK tax paying(a) tobacco food market is worth around 14 billion. The market is dominated by cigarettes, which represent 93.3% of the total duty paid market(ASH,2011), we can imagine how great extent the government increases the duty of cigarette. The taxation is about 76% of the price of a packet of cigarettes. The price of cigarettes has a major effect on cigarette consumption. Higher tobacco taxes cut out smoking and smoking related sickness people, so the number of smoker will mown down. Some people who have no high income will stop smoking, or never leap because of t he high cost.3.2AdvertisingAdvertisement is a very useful way to propagate. Thus, the government in UK is aware liberal of this fact and declares martial law of advertising. AS the ASH said that the Government estimated that the ban on tobacco advertising in the UK would lead to a drop in consumption of around 3%, livery approximately 3000 lives in the long term.(ASH,2010)Most conspicuous forms of tobacco advertising and promotion in the UK were banned and all the parcel of land of cigarette must be normal not magnificent.All forms of tobacco advertising and promotion are banned in the UK with the exception of limited advertising at the point of sale. This will shoemakers last when a ban on the display of tobacco products in large shops enters into force from 6 April 2012. diminished shops will have until April 2015 to comply with the law.(ASH3, 2011)Moreover, the UK government introduced picture warnings on cigarette packs in October 2008. The picture of package will make smok er feel nausea because the picture is about what result after people smoking such as yellow tooth or black lung. This is also the efficacious means to reduce the consumption of tobacco and the number of smokers.4. Conclusion4.1 SummaryAll in all, smoking has more disadvantages than advantages even only harm and no good. As we all know, teenager smoking is also a task which must be solved. It is easy to get disease and smokers often live in a in brief life. So governments try various devices to restrain the consumption of cigarette to resolve these problems.4.2 RecommendationIn ready to efficaciously control the consumption of cigarette, government can set up more festival about banning smoking and propagate some preferential policy. For example, when people agree to give up smoking, the someone will get corresponding subsidize.5. ReferenceAnderton.A(2008) Economics(5th Edition) Harlow Person EducationASH1(2011)onlineSmoking statistics Available athttp//www.ash.org.uk/information /facts-and-stats/fact-sheetsAccessed at 16/12/2011ASH2 (2011)onlineTobacco regulation Available athttp//www.ash.org.uk/information/facts-and-stats/fact-sheetsAccessed at 16/12/2011ASH3 (2011)onlineTobacco economic science Available athttp//www.ash.org.uk/information/facts-and-stats/fact-sheetsAccessed at 16/12/2011Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. onlineVolume 29, Issue 6. 2005 1021-1034 Available at http//www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763405000874Accessed at 7/12/2011Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology (2003) Smoking in public place Available at http//www.parliament.uk/documents/post/pn206.pdf

Income and spending Essay Example for Free

Income and spend EssayThe depart in consumer spending separate by the change in fluid income. B. Total consumer spending divided by total income. C. Disposable income divided by inhalation. D. The change in disposable income divided by the change in drug addiction. 2) Assume a spending function is C = 500 + . 80 Yd. This mode A. Consumers pull up stakes save 80 cents out of each additional dollar in disposable income. B. Consumers result spend $500 in addition to current income. C.Consumers leave spend $500 plus 80 cents out of each dollar of disposable income D. he marginal liking to consume is . 20. 3) In a model with no government or foreign sector, if saving is defined as S two hundred+ (0. 1)Y and investment is 10 = 200, what is the equilibrium level of consumption? A. 3,800 B. 3,600 c. 1 soo D. 2,000 E. 1,000 4) In a model with no government or foreign sector, if autonomous consumption is Co = 80, investment is 10 = 70, and the marginal propensity to save is s = 0. 25, equilibrium income is A. 150 B. 0 c. 225 D. 600 E. 750 5) The 45-degree line on a graph relating consumption and income shows A. all points where the MPC is constant. B. all points at which saving and income are equal. C. all the points at which consumption and income are equal. D. the amounts households will plan to save at each possible level of income 6) If the MPC is . 8 and disposable income is $200, then A. consumption and saving cannot be determined from the information given. B. saving will be C. personal consumption expenditures will be $80.D. saving will be $40. 7) The MPC for an economy is A. the pitch of the consumption schedule or line. B. the slope of the savings schedule or line. C. 1 divided by the slope of the consumption schedule or line. D. 1 divided by the slope of the savings schedule or line. 8) At the point where the consumption schedule intersects the 45-degree line A. the MPC equals 1 B. the APC is zero. C. saving equals income. D. saving is zero. Answer the next question(s) on the foundation of the following consumption schedule C 20+ .Y , where C is consumption and Y is disposable income. 9) Refer to the above data. The MPC is A) . 45. B) . 20. C) . 50. D) . 90. 10) Refer to the above data. At an $800 level of disposable income, the level of saving is A) $180. B) $740. C) $60. D) $18. 1 1) In a Keynesian model of income determination, when intended spending is greater than actual output, the adjustment to a new macro-economic equilibrium is based on changes in A. autonomous consumption B. unplanned inventories C. government spending D. net exports E. all of the above

Human Resource Essay Example for Free

Human Resource Essay1. One of the major components of any business is flock. The centering of deal or human election forms an integral part of any managers duty. This makes human option trouble an heavy subject in todays business scenario. Human resource management refers to the optimum manipulation of manpower keeping in mind the focus of the concerned disposal. Human resource management focuses on better productivity and in turn, gameyer profits through better utilization and management of people. As the name suggests, Globalization refers to the free and easy movement of goods, raw material, services, capital, ideas and information crosswise the globe, from one country to another. Every other important aspects of an formation like capital, information, new and better ideas chiffonier be copied from one country to another, except the people which forms the most decisive part of any organization.The figureforce of an organization keeps it competitive in a global market and attracts foreign investors. The workforce constitutes the skilled and knowing aspect of an organization. Efficient and skilled workers be recruited by foreign investors. This way they gain experience and need better. Thus it forms a cycle. Today, technology has changed the day to day living in every aspect. Every preservation is dependent on technology for knowledge. Information and better ideas is the key to every successful company. Technology makes this open at a speed faster than light. Technology has helped every organization in cutting obliterate their price in terms of people. Today, its a world where smart working is preferred all over hard work and technology has made it possible. E-commerce has influenced has influenced human resource management in many ways. It has helped to supervene upon man power in discordant aspects. It end be seen that organizations with better productive capacity are able to generate better goods and services even if their in puts are clear.2. Today, organizations have force more(prenominal) competitive and dynamic with increase complexities. Therefore, managers are of the opinion that manpower management has gained more importance than ever. The most important component of any organization is the people. It can be said that the old approaches of human resource management are no more the answers to the ever-changing economic and societal environment. In modern times, experiment with policies to roleplay the dynamic need is considered healthy and is encouraged. Management practices and experiments will experience a great change in the coming cristal. Employment security will have to be provided. Keeping in mind the increasing complexities, selective and specialized hiring has to be done. Candidates should be selected from a huge pool of applicants.This would provide flexibility to the organization during selection and better opportunities to the candidates. Hierarchy has to be reduced as much as pos sible and decentalisation has to be implemented. This would make workers feel more independent and responsible towards the work allocated to them. They would feel accountable for the terminus of the task. The difference in status amongst the employees will have to be reduced. This would help employees work like a team. Extensive training to workers should become the key element of every organization. Specialized training would be of last importance to survive in the coming days. The organizations will have to work in a more transparent manner where information has to be shared with all the employees. This would enhance the trust among workers. All workers should be encouraged to express their ideas and take active part in the controlling and planning phases. Thus, it can be seen that major changes will have to take place in management styles and practices in the coming decade to survive in the completive market.3. As the name suggests, the key elements of the LAMP model are Logic , Analytics, Measures and Process. These components that are responsible for the various strategic changes and overall effectiveness of the organization and each one play a very crucial role. Logic is an indispensable part of the system. It bridges the gap among numbers and the result or outcomes. It helps people outside the HR system to determine the numbers better. Right Logic forms an important connecting link between information and the desired outcome. After combining logic and numbers together, the next step is Analytics. Some of the analytic strategies are statistics, research models and research designs. Wrong analytics can result into faulty results. Sound systems of analytics determine the advert of the arrow. Measures or data is the most popular component in the HR industry.Data collection forms the radix of any kind of assessment in HR. Without appropriate data, logic or analytics components do not gestate any value. Mangers filter the required data from a huge va riety of data and material. There are various techniques involved like sampling, probability, etc. The final step in the LAMP framework is the Process. It converts logic and compend achieved through data into action. Managers are directed by process. Data and logic creates the basis of analysis. During analysis, various social and economic issues unfold. All these issues should be considered during process. Hence process can be regarded as the outcome of the LAMP model. To summarize, it can be said be said that the LAMP framework stresses on the significance of data. Raw data or matter does not hold any value. The key point in HR is to use data in a more effective and strategic manner. The LAMP system has proved to be very beneficial in this aspect.4. High work work practices generate higher productivity and it is seen that firms that use more of high performance work practices generate higher profits than those who dont. Employees have more say in the control of the business. Ma nagers are considerate about the professional growth of the employees. Thus, it can be seen that high performance work practices can boost profits to a large extent. However it is seen that many firms do not apply it. The reason could be varied. The size of the firm would greatly influence the decision, as a small size business may not be able to apply the work life programs. The cost of high performance work practices can generally be covered by bigger organizations so it is easier for them to implement it, while smaller organizations may not be able to take care of the pay-offs. overly Organizations who are more concerned about HR practices would as well most likely apply the concept. The view of empowerment may create stress among employees and they may find it difficult to strike a eternal sleep between their personal and professional life.Power wars may also be created. So it might become difficult for employees to handle the pressure. This might have a negative influence on the employees. it is also sight that the effect are most prominent when they are incorporated within the system. To establish the above verbalize fact, two cases were studied one on organization culture and the other on the survival of an organization after their initial public issue, and it was seen that the work practices held relevance in both. It is also essential that the practices are not just measured but the analysis should help control and reduce the cost. Also it is necessary to understand that facts, figures and assumptions do not hold true for all organizations. So it is essential to strategically analyze the work practices and understand if it can be applied to the business. Also to successfully apply the strategies thorough research on cost benefits and performance measures is crucial, as there should be no doubt while adopting such practices. The facts and figures should also be correlated to the dynamics of the business and the culture before implementing the pr ograms. many smaller or newer companies may thats why still take a while to adopt these practices, in spite of indorse of increased productivity.

Speech on Everyone Is Human Being Essay Example for Free

Speech on Everyone Is serviceman Being sampleSir,Madam.. I am here to present the speech which is about Every One is a Human Beign. My story begins like this. A m an separate(prenominal) gives a birth to a living creature and We called it as An infant. You, Me and We all were borned because of a mother. When we were in our infantry age, We didnt know so much things. in that respect had very few things with us. We knew how to smile, how to cry and how to get loved. After becoming older.. Humans check lot of things.They learn science, Maths, Religion and Languages.. But they forget the initial facts which had with them in born.. They try to cover their real smile, they try to aim fake smile, fake feelings and they are running like rats for searching money. They dont care severally others. They dont like to thing we all are human beigns and they havent beat too to think so. Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, much(prenominal) as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other emplacement.Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty. Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person. They are human conscionable like you and me. They have emotions just like you and me. sadness, happiness, loneliness posture it this mode, whatever you are feeling everyone in the world can and provide feel. so instead of putting them in your estimation as better than me put in your mind your as good as they are. We all want to live by each others happiness, not by each others misery. We dont want to hate and scorn one another. In this world there is room for everyone and the earth is rich and can provide for everyone.The way of life can be free and beautiful.But we have lost the way. Reality is what you believe in. There is no such thing as a fish as false reality So if you put in your mind that everyone else is human, all lonely individuals looking for other people to meet. well then that is only what they are.

The Ghost of Tom Joad and The Grapes of Wrath Essay Example for Free

The Ghost of gobbler Joad and The Grapes of anger EssayThrough the The Ghost of Tom Joad and The Grapes of Wrath, Springsteen and Steinbeck, in their various(prenominal) tempts, com custodyt on the state of cordial distress and despondency existent within their individual societies. Through making parallels with the depression related issues of the thirties addressed by Steinbeck and those of the early 1990s recession, Springsteen connects the people and kindly quandaries of both time periods to remark on the necessity of mans spirit. To this end, finished investigating each works characterization of human resolve and unification, employment of Tom Joad and Jim Casy to embody mans spirit, and similar social atmosphere, the connection between the thematic force of the novel and Springsteens subsequent piece of writing is do evident. Throughout his lyrics, Springsteen consistently parallels ideas presented by Steinbeck in The Grapes of Wrath in order to exhibit bygone Amer ican spirit in social struggles and the need for such resolve to engender assortment in his have time. Springsteen achieves this rhythmically through keeping the refrain in a constant ABAB rhyme contrivance and other stanzas in an AABB rhyme scheme this provides a consistency and repetition in the speakers message to the reader, and links his own dilemma in Searchin for the shade of Tom Joad (R), or mans spirit, to the overall plight of the people made evident the non-refrain stanzas. Additionally, this mirrors Steinbecks effort in The Grapes of Wrath to characterize the migrant struggle through both the microcosm of the Joads and accordingly more broadly in the intercalary chapters.Moreover, Springsteens actual translation of the current plight parallels Steinbecks ideas on the downtrodden American. In saying Men walkin long the railroad tracks, Goin someplace, on that points no goin back (1-2) the speaker is alluding Steinbecks writing of the tenant men came walkingmaybe w e can start againBut you cant start. Only a baby can start (119). Additionally, like The Grapes of Wrath, the moving-picture fork over of social struggles in The Ghost of Tom Joad becomes gradually stronger in tone and more visceral in visualization as made evident by both artists use of various literary devices.The speakers description In a cardboard box neath the underpass, Got a one-way ticket to the promised land, You got a hole in your belly and a gun in your hand(12-14) provokes imagery of man ready to bring about diverge through violence. This is also concurrent with Steinbecks depictions of the migrant as said in one intercalary chapter -the function? Wouldnt go out naked of a rifle. When shoes and clothes and food, when even hope is gone, well ready the rifle.(120)Also, Springsteens employment of personification The highway is alive tonight(R) and metaphors Sleeping on a pillow of solid shake off (15) augments his attempt to connect and make more vivid, the plights o f those depicted by the speaker in the song. Overall there is a building that occurs within the stanzas from the beginning depictions of the disposed to the pledges made by Tom in the buy the farm non-refrain stanza, there is a progression toward exhibiting the need for mans unification. As Steinbeck builds this idea through the exploits and sacrifices of Ma, Tom, Casy and Rose of Sharon, Springsteen does likewise through his lyrics to transport that idea to the modern day.Furthermore, both works use the characters of Tom Joad and Jim Casy as vehicles for expressing the spirit the loose need to attain in dealing with their troubles. Through juxtaposing images of the impoverished with those of his own introspection, the speaker (who is himself needy) makes evident the grandeur of what the characters of Tom Joad and Casy embody and how that representation is needed in society. Throughout the work, the speaker gives various descriptions of the downtrodden American cherish line str etchin round the corner (5), Families sleepin in their cars in the Southwest, No home no speculate no peace no rest (7-8), Sleeping on a pillow of solid rock, Bathing in the city aqueduct (15-16).These descriptions, inter-cut with the refrain of Searchin for the ghost of Tom Joad (R), Waitin on the ghost of Tom Joad (R) quite intelligibly show the speakers desire for a change in condition and will. Moreover, when scrutinizing the diction that references Tom Joad as a ghost the absence of his spirit from humanity is made apparent a spirit both Springsteen and Steinbeck find dominant in ending the plight of the destitute. Springsteen furthers this point in referencing Toms saying Mom, wherever theres a cop beatin a guy, Wherever a empty newborn cries, Where theres a fight gainst blood and hatred in the airOr befitting job or a helping hand, Wherever somebodys struggling to be free, Look in their look Mom youll see me (17-24)Though this typifies what the speaker wishes to see in his contemporaries, it also indirectly alludes to Toms ideals as presented in the novel by paraphrasing his last conversation with Ma. Ill be everwhere-wherever you look.when our folks eat the stuff they facelift an live in the houses they build -why, Ill be there(572). The use of allusion is key to Springsteens aims here as when characterizing Casy and evidencing the scriptural ties made to him. He pulls a prayer book out of his sleeping bag, Preacher lights up a butt and takes a drag, Waitin for when the last shall be first and the first shall be last(9-10)The preacher reference is clearly Casy, yet there is a biblical allusion made that is concurrent with idea behind the phrase The small shall inherit the Earth (Beatitudes, Sermon on the Mount). The saying implies that those who forgo worldly power will be rewarded in the kingdom of heaven. This idea plays to the thoughts that both Springsteen and Steinbeck are trying to get crossways in their respective works and the selfless nature that Joad and Casy embody. Springsteens use of these two characters in his lyrics propel the thematic spirit of Steinbecks work while serving as an inspirational ideal for those he is trying to reach in his own society.Moreover, the overall similarities between the social climates of the early 1990s and 1930s allow Springsteen to illustrate the need for renew spirit in his own time. The economic recession that characterized the early 1990s with skyrocketing unemployment, declines in housing starts, and slashes in social-welfare programs, mirrored greatly the atmosphere surrounding the Great Depression over six decades before. With over 34 million Americans below the poverty line, the nation was hardly a new world coming into skyline as characterized in George Bushs post-Gulf War speech.The presidents promising that the prospect of a new world order would lend oneself the principles of justice and fair play to protect the weak against the strong is denoted with sarcasm by Springsteen lyrics saying cherish line stretchin round the corner, Welcome to the new world order(5-6). Springsteen utilizes a dire description of the disposed in 1990s America (as well as 1930s) through saying No home no job no rest (8) in order to exemplify their strife and the need for change. Steinbecks describing the Three hundred thousand, hungry and miserable if they should ever know themselves, the land will be theirs(325) typifies the idea Springsteen is trying to get across that if the disposed of his time attain a renewed will, they can engender change and end their strife. some(prenominal) the The Ghost of Tom Joad and The Grapes of Wrath exhibit commentary on the social conditions of their time and the need for change among the people. Though the afore mentioned works have been written in vastly different eras, they comment on very(prenominal) similar social climates. Through creating parallels in the characterization of humanity, using Tom Joad and Jim Casy to embod y that characterization and recognizing social similarities between the two time periods, Springsteen generates a work that calls for the return of the human spirit to a brokenhearted society in the same vein Steinbeck does in The Grapes of Wrath.

Survey and question design Essay Example for Free

view and question design EssayInitial design considerationsBefore you design your vistaClearly judge the goals of your survey. Why be you running a survey? What, specific each(prenominal)y, will you do with the survey results? How will the randomness help you improve your customers experience with your agency? Make certain that each question will flop you the right kind of feedback to achieve your survey goals. When in doubt, contact a statistician or survey expert for help with survey and question design. Survey designThe opening should introduce the survey, explain who is put in the feedback and why. You should also include several(prenominal) reasons for participation, and share details to the highest degree the confidentiality of the information you are collecting. The introduction should portion expectations about survey length and estimate the time it will take someone to complete. Opening questions should be easy to say, to increase participant trust and enco urage them to continue answering questions.Ensure questions are germane(predicate) to participants, to reduce abandonment. To minimize confusion, questions should follow a logical systemal flow, with similar questions grouped together. Keep your survey brief and to the point fewer questions will deliver a higher solution rate. If you build sensitive questions, or questions requesting personal information, include them towards the end of the survey, after trust has been built. Thank your participants after theyve completed the survey.Test your survey with a sm wholly group before launch. Have participants share what they are thinking as they gormandise out each question, and make improvements where necessary. Question designKeep questions short and easy to read. The longer and more complex the questions, the less accurate feedback youll get. This is particularly true of phone surveys.Keep questions easy to answer, otherwise participants whitethorn abandon the survey, or provi de incorrect information (e.g., giving the sameanswer/value for all questions, simply to get through the survey). Keep required questions to a minimum. If a participant plentyt or doesnt want to answer a required question, they may abandon the survey. Use a consistent rating scale (e.g., if 5=high and 1=low, keep this consistent throughout all survey questions).For rating scales, make sure your scale is balanced (e.g., provide an equal number of official and negative chemical reaction options). Label each point in a solution scale to regard clarity and equal weight to each response option. For closed-ended questions, include all thinkable answers, and make sure there is no overlap between answer options.Use consistent word choices and definitions throughout the survey. nullify technical jargon and enforce language familiar to participants. Be as precise as possible to avoid word choice confusion. Avoid words like often or rarely, which may mean different things to different people. Instead, use a precise phrase like fewer than triple times per week. Try to construct the questions as objectively as possible.Common survey question types and examples six-fold choice questionsQuestions with two or more answer options. Useful for all types of feedback, including collecting demographic information. Answers set up be yes/no or a choice of multiple answers. Beware of leaving out an answer option, or victimisation answer options that are not mutually exclusive. Example 1 Are you a U.S. Citizen? Yes / NoExample 2 How many times have you called our agency about this issue in the past month? OnceTwiceThree timesMore than three timesDont hold out/not sureRank order scale questionsQuestions that require the ranking of potential answer choices by a specific characteristic. These questions can provide insight into how important something is to a customer. Best in online or paper surveys, but doesnt work too well in phone surveys.Rating scale questionsQuestions tha t use a rating scale for responses. This type of question is useful for determining the prevalence of an attitude, opinion, knowledge or behavior. There are two greens types of scalesLikert scaleParticipants are typically asked whether they agree or resist with a statement. Responses often range from fuddledly disagree to powerfully agree, with five total answer options. (For superfluous answer options, see table below.) Each option is ascribed a score or weight (1 = strong disagree to 5 = strongly agree), and these scores can be used in survey response analysis. For scaled questions, it is important to include a neutral category (N any Agree nor Disagree below).Guidelines for using a 5-point scaleSemantic differential scaleIn a question using a semantic differential scale, the ends of the scale are labeled with contrasting statements. The scales can vary, typically using either five or seven points.Open-ended questionsQuestions where there are no specified answer choices. Thes e are particularly helpful for collecting feedback from your participants about their attitudes or opinions. However, these questions may require extra time or can be challenging to answer, so participants may skip the questions or abandon the survey. In addition, the analysis of open-ended questions can be difficult to automate, and may require extra time or resources to review. pack providing extra motivation to elicit a response (e.g., Your comments will help us improve our website) and retard there is enough space for a complete response. Example What are two ways we could have improved your experience with our agency today? We take your feedback very seriously and review comments daily. Avoid these common question design pitfallsAsking two questions at once (double-barreled questions)Example How cheery are you with the hours and attitude of our offices? 1=very dissatisfied, 5=very satisfied You wont be able to tell whether the participant is responding about the time, or th e location, so you should ask this as two separate questions. Leaving out a response choiceExample How many times in the past month have you visited our website? 0 1-2 3-4 5 or more Always include an option for not applicable or dont know, since some people will not know or remember, and if they guess, their answer will skew the results. Leading questions found on their structure, certain questions can lead participants to a specific response Example This agency was tardily ranked as number one in customer satisfaction in the federal government. How satisfied are you with your experience today? 1=very dissatisfied, 5=very satisfied The first statement influences the response to the question by providing additional information that leads respondents to a positive response, so you should leave that text out. inbuilt assumptionsQuestions that assume familiarity with a given topicExample This website is an improvement over our last website. 1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree Thi s question assumes that the survey participant has experience with the earlier version of the website. Tips for technology-based surveysSkip logic or conditional branchingWhen creating technology-based surveys, skip logic can be helpful. Skip logic enables you to conk participants to a specific follow-up question, based on a response to an earlier question. This technique can be used to minimize non-relevant questions for each participant, and for filtering out survey participants. For example, if you are looking for U.S. citizens only to fit out certain parts of your survey, anyone who answers no to the question Are you a U. S. citizen? can be skipped to the succeeding(prenominal) relevant section.

Political Theories in Mockingjay, by Suzanne Collins

Political Theories in Mockingjay, by Suzanne collinsKaramveer LalhFrom the beginning of Mockingjay, we argon confronted with the prospect of a brutal fight amidst the regularizes and the Capitol for take hold of Panem. For both parties, the conflict is sarcastic. For the capitol it is an opportunity to extinguish the flames of rebellion, and for the districts, it is an opportunity to win their freedom. In order to hit these ends, control of the country is critical in order to either sustain, or acquire the reason necessary to achieve their objectives. Power dejection be roughly simply defined as the influence that A has on B in order for B to do a task b that B would non ordinarily do without the influence, whether consciously or subconsciously of A. In Mockingjay, the inter follow throughs collins develops all use function in its closely basic straining, and this effects every major interaction betwixt the societies, individuals, and regimes presented in the novel.Th ese dickens societies, The Capitol, and The Districts (primarily District 13), erect the framework for the power structures indoors the novel to exist. District 13 is a highly regimented bossy society, with each citizen having certificate of indebtedness and purpose. It is un cognise to us the exact goernment structure and mechanisms of District 13, but it is known that professorship Coin exerts near unlimited executive power over District 13.We ar introduced to the opus of this society when Katniss and the other refugees from District 12 arrive at District 13 where they are straight off instructed to con unionize to their raw(a) role. German sociologist Max Weber suggests that classes, post roots, and political parties are turned to be associated with power, attempting to achieve ones will, even in the face of opposition from others. We see that District 13s power structure is imposed on the newcomers rather swiftly, and met with mixed reactions. Most, such as Katniss s mother, are grateful for District 13s generosity and conform quickly falling into the status group of nurse which is a valuable to the functioning of District 13, and is then accorded the privileges of that group as a abide by for fulfilling her responsibilities. Others, such as Katniss, are to a greater design reluctant to do so. In the case of Katniss, we know that she does non deficiency to conform to the expectations imposed on her by District 13, because she has power as a symbol. For Coin, be able to control or influence Katniss by winning her favour is much valuable to her goals than the fortuity of alienating her by forcing her to conform to the societal expectations that would other be imposed on her.It is important to consider why the District 12 refugees conform to the expectations of their new society. Weber argues that status innocence is a more important source of group brotherly action than is class or relation to markets. Status groups fuel do this in va rious ways. Status may be a means of maintaining the position of a group that does have privilege. The status group may be closed, with privileges available only to those in the group, and denied to those extraneous the group. Further, a status group may lead to the development of parties to further some specific interests of the status group. Thus, status groups may become the means by which power or delegacy is exercised. Social honour may be accorded those who behave in the manner considered desirable by the status group. In this way, the ends of a status group may be fur on that pointd. Social approval is a means of achieving the ends of the group enchantment social disapproval may be used as a means of disciplining those who do not behave in the approved manner. (Weber 1920) Therefore, in order for the citizens of District 12 to be accepted into their new society, they must act in a way that would gain them entrance into new status groups deep down District 13. Due to Katni sss privilege as the Mockingjay, and the alignment of Coins goals, Katniss finds herself in a far higher status group that affords her more freedoms that would not normally be available to or so other citizens of Districts 12 and 13.The premise of the story is that there is a brewing courteous war between the rebelling Districts (led by District 13) and the loyalists (led by The Capitol). The rebel vs. government relationship is important when discussing traditionalistic vs. revolutionary power, which was sketch by Bertrand Russell. For Russell, all topics in the social sciences are merely examinations of the different forms of power chiefly the economic, military, cultural, and civil forms. (Russell 1938, 35) Although Russell discusses many a(prenominal) aspects of power in his book, a couple innovations stand out when discussing the power dynamics in Mockingjay. One of these is the concept of traditional power. By traditional power, Russell has in mind ways in which passel will appeal to the king of habit to justify a political regime traditional power is psychological and not historical. For many of the districts, regula plagiarize by the capitol is a given, and their rule had gone more or less unquestioned since the low gear rebellion, with the apparent destruction of District 13. As Russell claims, traditional power need not be based on actual history, but rather be based on imagined or fabricated history. This falls in line with Capitol propaganda, which suggests District 13 was destroyed for disobeying their rule. Thus, the districts are quite content to submitting to Capitol rule.When District 13 deems itself formidable enough to wage another war, it quickly gains the support of many of the districts. With this, the traditional power of the Capitol begins to end alongside a corresponding change in creeds, heavily influenced by Katniss as the Mockingjay, and President Coin. If the traditional creeds are doubted without any alternative, then the traditional authority relies more and more on the use of naked power, or power by coercion. For the Capitol, this is presented as the games during times of peace, and as force used to supress the dissenting elements of the tribe in times of turmoil. Where the traditional creeds are wholly replaced with alternative ones, traditional power gives rise to revolutionary power the goal of the rebel forces.Russell also tackles role of leadership within power, which is curiously relevant within Mockingjay as it explores the dynamic between two powerful leaders, reverse and Coin. Russell claims that this proclivity to power is not only explicitly present in leaders, but also sometimes implicitly in those who follow. It is clear that leaders may pursue and profit from enacting their own agenda, but in a genuinely cooperative enterprise, the followers seem to gain vicariously from the achievements of the leader, or at least opine the propaganda that is organism fed to them. The exist ence of implicit power, he explains, is why people are capable of tolerating social inequality for an extended period of time (Russell 1938, 16).To extend upon this point, Noam Chomsky suggests that individuals use their individual agency to abrogate their responsibility to think and will actions for themselves. (Chomsky 1999, 53) Although this definition is very broad, it apprize be used to explain the popular uprisings that occurred whenever the District 13 armed forces entered into a new district, where they were generally greeted as liberators instead of conquerors. Chomsky asserts that authority, unless justified, is inherently illegitimate, and that the burden of consequence is on those in authority. If this burden fecal matternot be met, the authority in question should be dismantled. After the intromission of District 13 propaganda, this begins to reflect the view of the majority of the districts. This damages the legitimacy of the Capitol in the eyes of the districts, disdain the once effective Capitol counter propaganda proclaiming that they bring security and stability.Institutions such as the hunger games and repressive rule primarily promote this illusion of security. The name of the country Panem, itself is an allusion to the doctrine of the Roman Empire panem et circenses, (bread and circuses) which suggests that a distrait populace thats well fed and entertained will not be willing to rise against the existing power structure, despite any other greivances. (Collins 2010)While the form of government Panem had prior to President Snow is not stated, it is clear that Snow is a demagogue and likely the office of President grants Snow absolute power. Mayors within the districts act simply as governors, ensuring the districts fulfill their quotas of goods to the Capitol and serve no representative roles as a parliamentarian or senator. As a result, the massive poverty, starvation, and brutality witnessed in the districts is either enforced, or i gnored. This concept of direct power that Snow expresses is the one-dimensional view of power. This is called the pluralist approach and emphasizes the exercise of power through decision-making and discernable behaviour. Robert Dahl, a major proponent of this view, defines power as occurring in a situation where A has power over B to the extent he can get B to do something that B would not otherwise do (Lukes 1974). As power therefore is defined in terms of B and the extent to which A prevails is determined by its higher ratio of successes and defeats over B. This kind of overt power is the most observable by an outside party. In the context of the novel, it describes almost all interactions between the governments and their people, be that between Snow and his troops, or Coin and her apparent influence over Katniss.This critique of the behaviourial focus and the recognition of unobservable factors of power is discussed in the two-dimensional view of power developed by Bachrach an d Baratz by which power is exercised not just upon participants within the decision making process but also towards the exclusion of certain participants and issues birthday suit (Lukes 1974). The first dimension claims there is an open brass and although admitting that political resources are not distributed equally, they are not centralized in one groups hands. The second approach however, sees a monopolistic system of inequalities created and maintained by the dominant power. The elite have the means and the political resources to prevent political action that would not benefit themselves. Therefore, the elite determine the agenda of both decision-making and non-decision making. In doing so, they establish their dominance and the subordinance of those on the bottom of the power hierarchy. The capitol, and more directly, Snow, was able to maintain power via use of both legitimate, and during the war, illegitimate means. The government made extensive use of propaganda during the conflict, and maintained the doctrine of panem et circenses to pacify and control the populations. In order to maintain order during the second rebellion, the 13th district, at least in the view of the Capitol, deployed an array of conventional weapons, using unconventional tactics, in order to attack capitol forces and loyalists representing illegitimate power.Although the two dimensional approach to power delves deeper than the first into the nature of power and powerlessness by involving analyses of potential issues, grievances, nondecision-making and non-participation, Lukes finds that it is inadequate because it emphasizes observable conflict only. Nonetheless, an affinity between the two results in their belief that where there is conflict, there is an element of power in both decision-making and nondecision-making. Barach and Baratz (Lukes 1974) states that if there is no conflict, overt or covert, the presumption must be that there is consensus on the prevailing allotment of values, in which case nondecision-making is impossible. Here, there is no consideration of latent conflict or attention as to how interests not consciously articulated may fit into the power relationship. Lukes identifies manipulation and authority as two forms of power, which do not necessarily involve evident conflict. People abide by the power of authority because they either respect or accept its legitimacy. Compliance to the power of manipulation often goes unrecognized by the conformer because focus is placed on irrelevant matters and the key aim is downplayed. In neither is there observable conflict, but latent conflict occurs because the individual may be agreeing to something contrary to their interests without even knowing.The example that dress hat illustrates this in the novel is that the Capitol government is mindful of the citizens of the districts suffering, and primarily enforces suffering, (ex The Hunger Games), as a means of control, and to basically use the district citizens as slaves to provide for the Capitols exorbitant greed. District 2 is of particular note, as they are viewed favourably by the Capitol and typically are more receptive to Capitol policies than other districts, and earnestly believe in serving the Capitol loyally, despite the repressive and subservient nature of their relationship with the Capitol. This is likely not in their interests.The deuce-ace dimension of power seeks to identify how A gets B to believe and choose to act in a way that reinforces the bias of the system, advancing the cause of A and impairing that of B, usually in the form of compliance. (Lukes 1974) Such processes can take place in a direct and intended way through media and communication. A takes control of the information channels and B is socialized into accepting, believing, and even supporting the political notions instilled by A. The shaping of individuals conceptions can also take place indirectly or even unintentionally through ones me mbership in a social structure. Patterns of behaviour, norms and accepted standards apparent in the action and inaction of the group are mechanically adopted.This is relevant when examining the District 13 government and what power it holds. President Coin holds significant executive power over the citizens of 13, as well as other rebel forces. In essence, Coin mirrors Snow especially in regards to the power structure of both governments. Both rule over largely ignorant societies who prehend that their leaders have the best interests of the entire nation in mind when they follow them. This, according to Lukes is the highest form of power one where the subjugated do not consciously realize they are actively being controlled by a higher power. In contrast, Katniss retains power in herself in this form as she has the ability to influence the opinions of the populations of other districts, in her role as the Mockingjay. These districts follow Katniss because she symbolizes their cause freedom from oppressive rule.As for what Collins views as the most effective form of power, it is quite clear that her purpose in authorship the novel is by no means a treatise on power, rather a soft sci-fi thriller with an otherwise strong and complex female lead. Collins inclusion of power is instead a reflection of Russells perspective that all relationships and conflicts can be viewed as a power relationship. With that in mind, Collins chose Katniss to be the primary agent in the novel, thus she is the individual that wields the most power, especially as a propaganda tool, as the war is one where the legitimacy of both governments are called into question. Both sides in the conflict are aware of this, and by using primarily Peeta as a pawn, they are able to have an influence over Katniss. Another potentially useful example is the influence that Snow still had on Katniss immediately in the beginning he was scheduled to be executed, or the huge influence Katniss as the Mockingja y had over the general population by appearing as a symbol to unite behind. Therefore, it can be said that Collins implicitly demonstrates that the third dimension of power, or power over shaping opinions, is the most significant form of power.ReferencesChomsky, Noam. 1999. Profit over People neoliberalism and global order. New York Seven Stories Press.Collins, Suzanne. 2010. Mockingjay. New York Scholastic.Lukes, Steven. 1974. Power A motif View. Palgrave MacMillan.Russell, Bertrand. 1938. Power A New Social Analysis. London George Allen Unwin LTD.Weber, Max. 1920. Politics as a Vocation.