Benefits And Disadvantages Of Internet Banking Marketing Essay

Benefits And Disadvantages Of meshing Banking Marketing EssayThis chapter will round the e- confideing system in Malaysia and analyse the relevant literature on consumer acquaintance towards e- cussing. In addition, this literature review besides considers the discussion of customer joy and loyalty towards profits banking.2.1 Benefits and Dis-advantages of meshing Banking2.1.1 Benefits of Internet BankingBu development earnings, clients croupe ingress to their historys doing transaction or access to other function with cost reduction and more convenience because online bank be operation 24hours per day, 7days per week.Furthermore, banks able to expand their market penetration internationally and offer personalized online services like clients able to check their deem balances and monthly statement by login to the secure website of the bank, make payments, and transfer finances to other accounts. The speed of online banking transaction is generally faster than ATM aff ect speeds.Internet banking also trys advantages likes flexibility, individually and mobility which is a brand in the buff dispersal bear for clients to make on-line transaction. The improvement of net income protection through security technologies such as automatic log-off, firewalls, encryption, monitoring dents and authentication to secure clients trustfulness on internet banking (Banking Info, 2007).Table 1 are the benefits draw near are summarized by Thulani et al.(2009) in their research paper on assorted study of internet banking.BenefitsRelated literatureCost ReductionBradley and Stewart (2003), Rotchanakitumnuai and Speece (2003), Jayawadhera and Foley (2000), Nath et al 2001, Al-Sukkar and Hasan (2005) and Singh (2004), Corrocher (2002),Chang (2003), Sullivan and Wang (2005).Increased customer baseBradley and Stewart (2003), Jayawadhera and Foley (2000), Jen-Her Wu et al 2006 and Singh (2004), Corrocher (2002).Enable innovation and increase of non-core busines s servicesJayawadhera and Foley (2000), Nath et al. (2001), Karem (2003), Corrocher (2002), Chang (2003).Marketing and communicationJayawadhera and Foley (2000), Karem (2003), Corrocher (2002).Increased consumer loyalty and satisfactionJen-Her Wu et al 2006 and AL-Sukkar and Hasan (2005), Nath et al. (2001). gamy profit consumersJen-Her Wu et al 2006 and AL-Sukkar and Hasan (2005), Nath et al. (2001).Ability to attract new consumersAL-Sukkar and Hasan (2005).Table 1 Benefits of Internet BankingSource Thulani et al. (2009)2.1.2 Dis-advantage of Internet BankingAL-Sukkar and Hasan (2005) and Singh (2004) had identify the disadvantages of stimulate internet banking. They declared clients create to pay indirect cost as some of the internet banking systems charge money on browsing connectivity on personal computer. Moreover, cash are not available through internet. Customers are unable to withdraw cash or deposit cash by using internet banking. They also emphasize on security concerns, the exsert of security concerns may delay the clients adoption of internet banking.Before using internet banking, applicant required to go through some purpose in one of the bank branch, especially the clients want to open a joint account. Some of the clients not familiar to internet browsing, they have to go through tutorials to familiarize with the navigation tools. Unfortunately, clients require re-familiarizing the navigation tools to access their account once banks update and upgrade their online system.Last but not least, trustworthiness is the most difficult yet most grand issue lawsuit by clients. They always wonder whether the transaction or payments have been exertion to another account accurately.2.2 Aspect that Influence Consumer Perception towards Internet Banking accountinal of the most grand characteristics of financial services to extend e-banking are High availability, Scalability, and Security. (Antovski and LJ, 2001). According to them, high availability a lso can define in reliability, availability and serviceability. The e-banking are design for easy and continuous service to customers.Yibin and MU (2003) also stated the three improvements of the system infrastructure which are to build-up the reporting services for online transaction, improve the e-payment system, and improve the telecommunications infrastructure and other forms of electronic transaction. Factors such as the speed of transactions or the cost of using the Internet have little impact on an individuals final decision. After setting up better system infrastructure through Web, the new delivery channel can highly recommended to clients by giving guarantee on security, hiding and trust of Web system to minimize barrier.The following research provided the depth psychology on different aspect that will effect customer light towards internet banking.2.2.1 Electronic Security (E-Security)Electronic security is a tool or process designed to restrict entry or bar unauthoriz ed access to a systems information assets or is a risk of infection-management (Thomas et al., 2002). Mueller (2001) stated that e-security pr level(p)ts the hacker and others from accessing customers information, security pin compute or credit card number. Thomas et al. (2002) highlighted e-security adds value to a naked network.Thomas et al. (2002) stated that although applied science offer a new distribution channel for financial design but it creates opportunities for crimes to be committed very quickly. A criminal can use the tools available on the Web to hack database on internet and steal personal hidden identities in seconds. This is why e-security must be taken very seriously. However, Raigaga (2000) stated that some banker has delay the online banking service overdue to the security concern.Consumer perceptions of security are measure through the operations and processes of encryption, protection, chit and authentication. The mechanisms of encryption, digital authent ication, firewalls, protection, filtering routers, and personal identification numbers influence the internet customers perception towards security and might increase the confidence and trust of consumer.E-security is one of the pregnant factors to be stressed. Most of the customers refuse to use internet banking as the option way to carry on transaction and payment because they afraid of losing their hidden information and data on hacker.2.2.2 self-assertionworthinessTrust is considered as a strategic variable in current marketing (Selnes, 1998). Meanwhile, the development of internet banking brings new disputes, this lead to an increase of motivation in bank to provide a better service. Bank chain will might fairly improve if clients able to enjoy better service. Bank image and consumer trust are significant influence the individual behavior (Ratnasingham, 1998).Bank image and customer trust are significantly affect individual behavior and their level of perception (Ratnas ingham, 1998 Rexha et al., 2003 Lehu, 2001 Ba, 2001). Since the online banking give a higher level of risk to the clients, so Gefen et al. (2003) stated that trust is an important aspect to take circular when doing internet transaction because it determines the nature of businesses. The issue of trust arises when risk is involved.Trust is the primary(prenominal) factor being concern because bank and clients are physically separated from each other and there is a large number of suspicious about the e-security over the Internet. Generally, customers distrust and worries about the reliability of internet banking even the e-security system is good. Furthermore, clients lack of confidence and trust on the e-security is the main obstacle prevent e-banking is being developed further. As William Pitt, the eighteenth coke British statesman once said, confidence is a plant of torpid growth.2.3 Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty towards Internet Banking.For offline environments, shade of services is a key determinant of customer satisfaction and customer loyalty (Caruana, 2002 Cronin and Taylor, 1992 Kelley and Davis, 1994 Parasuraman et al., 1988). The musical note of services delivered through internet has develop wisely and significant triumph since the services accepted by clients.Moreover, Fassnacht and Kose (2007) found that electronic service quality had an important role in building customer trust. Customer is important in providing the level of satisfaction over electronic service quality. Their erstwhile(prenominal) experience is one of the factors that influence their rating and satisfaction on electronic service quality.Understanding customer requirements and meeting their demands and expectations is becoming a challenge (Shailey et al., 2003). But some users feel that internet is not useful even though its ease of use eventually lose interest in using Internet banking.Nexhmi et al. (2003) stated that clients satisfaction will have a role in developme nt but a more important element is to maintain close bank-customer relationship. Overall customer satisfaction with the bank will be directly related to the level of trust indoors the relationship.

Impact of E-banking on Traditional Banking Services

Impact of E-coin swearing on Traditional Banking Services groundingIn order to introduce e- coasting and tralatitious banking this part of the article is explained a short background of open up bank, problem contestations, question question and the re attempt intention. Also, a concise over app atomic number 18nt horizon of e-commerce activity on e-banking and tralatitious bank has been presented in this chapter.Bank and barter argon intimately connected to each other. At the beginning, the original type of commercial bank that handled customer deposits and make coronation loans to melodic linees. Franlin (1995) illustrated that the handed-down banks only entities leg exclusivelyy able-bodied to issue checking accounts prior to the 1980s. bit still dominant in the banking industry, conventional banks atomic number 18 joined by nest egg and loan associations, recognise unions, and mutual savings banks.In a recent decade, handed-down banks adopted e-commerce and conv erted to e-bank that is an master(prenominal) comp wholenessnt of business development stick push through. During kick downstairs times, business is easier to acquire and maintain. An positive view speculates that the e-banking provide destroy old samples of banking services (DeYoung, 2001a). This extreme view proved that banks hit the books advantage of this unexampled technology that depends on their assessment of the profitability and established e-banking services (Malhotra and Singh, 2009). For example, Titrade (2008) demonstrated that e-banking services rack uper customers to get online benefits those are accomplish instruction about accounts and loans, transfer money to different accounts, even betwixt external banks, Paying bills, Buying and grocery storeing stocks and bonds by depot, Buying and selling fund sharesMagdalena and Luminita (2009) reported that banking services by dint of profits have, generally, operational and accomplishmental cost cheaper th an usual banking services. In the meantime, banking industry must adapt to the electronics age, which in its rhythm is changing all the timeIn addition, Berger (2003) revealed that industry analysis outlining the capableness bear upon of e-banking on cost savings, revenue growth and take a chance visibility of the banks have excessively generated considerable interest and speculation about the carry on of the e-banking industry on conventional bank. However, one of the issues presently being intercommunicate (Titrade, 2008) is the tint of e-banking on handed-down banking. Rogers (1998) points out that the concussion of traditional bank measures based only on traditional balance sheet figures where as largely ignored non-traditional activities. On the other hand, Panait (2009) argued that the impact of e-banking evaluates to customer training under the existing regulations.Ensure the shelter and confidentiality of customer data nourish against any anticipated threats o r hazards to the gage or integrity of a lot(prenominal) informationSave from unauthorized access to or map of much(prenominal)(prenominal) information that could result harm or problem to any customer. exploreers historic activities and usefulness origin of action have prompted a search for wagerer methods for reducing impact of traditional banking service. Although a number of methods have been reported, wide and efficient approaches still remain scare. In recent years much effort has been devoted to paper the effect of different measuring extreme systematic risk process (Olivier, 2008).In this paper it impart be discussed how e-banks are different from the traditional banks in terms of profitability, cost strength, asset quality and other characteristics by examining bank monetary statements. The present prove result examine a comprehensive a set of measurements of monetary performance that allow us to look inside the black cut of e-banking performance. By de veloping a deeper pinch of these phenomena, we good deal draw much insightful inferences about the impact of e-banking strategies, production processes and financial performance.BackgroundResearch significanceThe acquire and demand of e-banking possesses a great challenge for traditional banking service. In order to meet a high-quality service in business sector traditional banking service has to be optimized to e-banking. The substantive of research associated with e-bank itself and e-commerce, off course, lies in its availability. Ineligible banking progress and decisions may amplify a financial strategic risk (Cezar et al.). Carter and Garcia (2009) made it clear that traditional banking system and minutes have recognized that they are not as permanent as previously assumed. The loss of confidence in traditional banking system has revealed by the recent financial system fall down.Panait (2009) made it understandable that banking trading operations hazard arises from fraud, handling errors, system trouble, or other unexpected actions. This risk continues in each item for consumption and service offered. Funding and investment- associate risks could subjoin with an institutions e-banking initiatives depending on the volatility and pricing of the acquired deposits.On the other hand, the drawback lies in its security factors and complexity. Both of them have profound impact of e-banking traditional banking service. It may count form social and organizational perspective (Ioannis, 2009) and may arise collectible to a chastisement of some relevant integrity or all the lack of au whereforetic and confidential information.From the above point of view, it is clear that traditional banking faced a lot of problems from different user and non user. The withdraw can be extend this examine to all banks offering online banking sectors.Problem statementMain area of this study is impact e-banking on traditional bank services and some(prenominal)(prenominal) draw backs of some traditional banking. There are some reasons for directed on this topic1) Most traditional bank activities, such as banks acting as derivatives dealers, expose banks to risks and moral hazard problems failure to get customer cheer (Franlin, 1995).2) A potential commercial market for e-banking services are successful, tho old model banks getting leave out to manage their vast expenses (Yuan, 2010).3) The banking sector has been virtually successful with online transaction, easy profit access, the availability of secure, high standard online banking functionality, cost savings, and the necessity of banking services (AC Nielsen Consulting 2000 Laforet Li, 2005). too that poor public image, customer dissatisfaction, competition and specialization had made the rule of much much difficult to deal traditional banking.Research promontoryThe research questions of this study relate to the factors that influence the adoption and implementation of e-commerce in particular reference to the traditional banking industry. The special(prenominal) questions to be examined are What impact factors verify the adoption of ecommerce in traditional banks? concord to the present study I initiated following questionHow e-banks are different from the traditional banks?How the traditional banks financial performance affected by e-banking?General responsible of bank is public funding operation such as defrayal and deposits then wherefore bank are regulated?In comparison with e-banking why traditional bank services failed to get customer satisfaction?How to enforce the sore digital products and services to create a more sustainable future.Aim and objectAimsIn view of the extensive occurrence of traditional banking in our society, specifically in public sector and organizations as tumefy as their all important(p) activities of the e-banking, it is planned to search for better methods and recommendation for developing banking systems.ObjectivesThe study is des igned to correspond with the objectives of assessing the impacts of e-banking, specifically focusing e-banking on the traditional banking service. The following objectives are discussedUnderstanding e-banking and traditional banking terms of profitability.To assess the impact of e-banking on traditional banking service.To identify and sidle up potential improvements what reduces the impacts of traditional banking.To highlight the different products or services dispersal strategies which outgrowths resource of efficiency and customers satisfaction?2. Literature refreshen2.1. E-banking VS traditional bankingThe banking sector is an integral part of the economy. Bjelica and Dejan (2010) address that traditional banks are considered to be financial institutions which deal with financial activities in terms of collecting deposits and giving loans. An e-banking, on the other hand, is consists of several distribution channels that can supply several information about transaction (Karja luoto (2002a). Similarly, Daniel (1999) illustrated that e-banking is the bringing system of banks which provides information and services to customers via different delivery insurance policy that can be used with a variety of devices such as a internet accessory, cell phone and desktop, telephone or digital television.Under the traditional bank payment transactions, we assume every payment which is done via a bank or some other alike organization concerning any kind of legal affairs (Bjelica and Dejan, 2010). However, the Internet is a main delivery channel for e-banking and its value to customers and banks is continuously increasing its delivery systems (Karjaluoto, 2002 Mattila, 2001). But, the payment transactions system does not include only immediate payment payments, i.e. when a debtor gives money to a creditor.Definition of traditional banking transactions system extended by Bjelica and Dejan,( 2010) that all natural and legal persons are on the side of the applicants while the authorized organizations for payment transactions (banks, PTT exchange, savings banks) are on the side of the recipients. Conversely, e-banking is the automated delivery system to customers through internet, interior message channels (Daniel, 1999 Sathye, 1999). According to Basel Committee report on banking supervision (2008) it refers to the provision of retail and banking products and services through electronic channels. and then in the most encompassing definition, electronic banking would run the gamut from direct deposit, ATMs, credit and debit cards, telephone banking, to electronic bill payment and web-based banking.2.2. Movement of e-bankingAccording to Karjaluoto (2002), the consumer movement from traditional branch banking to e-banking has meant that new strategies to attract new customers and go for existing ones become critical. Ranaweera and Prabhu (2003) argue that bringing close togetherlly, firms should aim at a unite strategy that makes switching cost s act as a full complement to customer satisfaction. While customer satisfaction may be one important driver of customer retention, switching costs are also plausibly to influence customer retention (Lee et al., 2001 Ranaweera and Prabhu, 2003). Portal providers are likely to attract the most profound share of banking profits. Indeed banks could become canonised It required much more effort to manage and sustain a successful practice.2.3. The impact of traditional bankIn the last dickens decades the impact of traditional banks tainted a great deal. Therefore the understanding of the essence of this banking system has been changed as well. Bjelica and Dejan (2010) illustrated that many another(prenominal) aspects prejudiced this trend. For example internationalization, globalization, the increase in number of financial services, the progress of competition, technological development and the fashion of a great number of understructures have changed banking system. In addition, Altunbas et al., (2001), Iannotta et al. (2007) argued that the impact of traditional bank is focused on ownership of different types banking service such as the state ownership (Porta et al.,2002), Berger et al. (2005), Micco et al. (2007), foreign ownership (Berger et al. (2005), Lensink et al. (2008), Staikouras et al. (2008)) and block carrier ownership (Caprio et al. (2007), Laeven Levine (2008)) are on the banking performance. Furthermore, DeYoung et al. (2001) was studied to examine the impact of the level of forethought and get on with ownership on bank efficiency.By separating precaution and board ownership, It address the criticism presented in Demsetz Villalonga (2001) that many studies on the impact of management ownership has included board ownership in the management or insider ownership variable even though the interests of the management and board are different.2.4. Potential improvements that reduces the impacts of traditional bankingGoski et al.(2007) concent rated on the frustrations of accessing credit facilities restrict from formal banking systems to informal enterprises which is non banking activities and informal arrangements to access funds for their business operations. De Wulf et al. (2001) win that building a profitable and sustainable long term race with customers is central to the affinity marketing theory. Correspondingly, increasing customers retention, developing and maintaining trust and loading mingled with sellers and customers (Gaur Xu, 2009) are part of theory. In addition, Gaurav, (2008) appreciated that achieving high customers devotion and more customers satisfaction is the main objectives of an organization. Also, cost reduction due to the better understanding of customers needs (Ndubisi, 2004) equally important of marketing theory. The application of relationship marketing theory has even extended into financial services, due to the deregulating policy (Yavas Yasin, 2001).The removal of restrictions bet ween banks, building societies and insurance companies (Speed and Smith, 1992) and the vast blowup in the adoption and use of information technologies (Bergeron et al, 2008) is important factor. There are outlined specific actions that organization should consider in implementing a security program (Ramball M. (2008)). These measures includeIdentifying and assessing the risks that may threaten consumer informationDeveloping a written plan containing policies and procedures to manage and control these risksImplementing and testing the planAdjusting the plan on a continuing basis to account for changes in technology,the sensibility of customer information, and internal or external threats to information security.There are also outlined the responsibilities of management to oversee the protection of customer information including the security of customer information maintained or processed by service providers. Titrade, (2008) afraid that in opportunity of e-banking and its allegatio n are uncertain. The points of view in favor are as follows E-banking transactions are much low-priced than branch or even phone transactions. This could be a large competitive advantage for e-banking, that allow e-banks to undercut bricks-and-mortar banks. This is commonly know as the beached dinosaur theory. E-banking will lead to al other banking sector that is currently enjoyed by the major UK banks.2.5. Products or services which increase resource of efficiency and customers satisfactionTraditional banks may simply be left with payment and settlement business even this could be cast into doubt and customers unhappiness. The idea of customer pleasure has been exercised since the early 1980 (Bailey Pearson, 1983 Ives, Olson, Baroudi, 1983) and its have been studied since the 1980 (Bailey Pearson, 1983 J. Chin, Diehl, Norman, 1988 Ives et al., 1983 Rivard Huff, 1988 Rushinek Rushinek, 1986). Bailey et al. (1983) state that several factors affect the user satisfaction and it can be seen as a bi-dimensional attitude. The user satisfaction can be seen sum of users feeling and attitudes toward several factors that affect the usage situation (Bailey et al., 1983).Recently, there has been growing interest in traditional bank user experience (Hiltunen et al., 2002 Lindgaard Dudek, 2003 Wilson Sasse, 2004), which can be seen as much larger concept of consumers satisfaction. User experience has become an important factor in e-banking because the end user often pays for the majority of new products and services, which indicates that new products characteristics such as security, ease of use, Digital products/services, transaction and payments, and innovation contents(Khanfar, 2006). From this perspective, assessing the user experience is essential for many technology products and services (Wilson Sasse, 2004).3.2. metaphysical frameworkFrom the practical point of view, there are mainly 2 kinds of venture, one of which is adaptation of e-commerce and other i s development of e-banking. Kyu and Bipin (2001) provided both theoretical explanations and empiric validation on the adoption of e-commerce for traditional banking services. Regarding the adoption of e-banking, they enabled to offer specific recommendations on marketing strategies for practitioners. Ronald (2003) observed that law and right and the increase of internet facilities moved up the transaction. Elias (2000) explored the status of e-commerce in the banking industry. Many researches focused on the user of e-banking that have been done on adoption of e-commerce, and the following factors influencing it. security department The quality or state of being secure to be deliver from danger.Ease of Use A method that the bank Availableness it for the customer who through it use the procedures of banks easily.Digital Products/Services Goods and services that can be transformed to digital format and deliver upper the internet banking. transaction and Payment services and procedure s that the bank availableness for the customer who through it able to payment and other borrow and other transaction form banks online. training Content content at a web site that need to be changed continually to keep it up to date.Innovation the innovation of new ideas such as new technologies, design and best practice that go for bank to compete efficiently in the worldwide environment.When an enterprise cognize danger, it will takes a series of examine on the basis of tthree hypothesizes. This study tries to make relationship and linkage between e-business and networking technology.HYPOTHESIS DEVELOPMENTThe proposed model depicts that a customers assessment of traditional banking service quality is positively tie in to customer satisfaction and his/her willingness to recommend and will decrease his/her likelihood to complain. On the other hand, if the customers assessment of the traditional banking service quality is negative, the customer will engage in unfavorable behavior al intentions.Therefore, the following hypotheses are substantialH1 There is a significant difference between customers expectations and their perceptions of service quality offered by traditional banking.H2 There is a significant relationship between traditional banking service quality and customer satisfaction.H3 There is a significant relationship between internet banking service quality and customer behavioral intentionsH4 Customers at are dissatisfied with banks environment and location. There is a significant relationship between customer satisfaction and customer behavioral intentions3. methodological analysisThe methodological analysis will be based on a cross- sectional survey method with three (3) main components. These included Reviews, Contacts and Field Activities. The review was conducted through desk research of online resources, research papers, working documents, conference documents, and other publications. The contacts were made through one on one discussion and /or delicate group discussions by visiting offices and officials of banks whether, semi informal or formal. A self developed instrument was used for the field exercise. The study assort the system into three categories based on the classification by (Basu et al., 2004) in an IMF working paper.The suggested method which is also applicable in the study is the use of the questionnaires wherein the banks can determine the level of understanding of the customers about the online banking and the other cogitate services. Also through the help of the questionnaires, the banks can measure the influence or the impact of the interactive banking in finding solutions out of the clients busy life. totally of the information created out of the questionnaires will lead to the determination of the various perceptions of the customers in the services that is offered through the use of Internet.Investigation will be inclined(p) by collecting entropy, analyzing, comparing and interpreting the res ults according to literature procedure. The course of action will be ready by gathering data from several years to current published journal. The data will be monitored by comprising with several aspects. The accumulated data will be reassert based on analytical data obtained from internet publication.RationaleThe important networking activities and usefulness as natural process have prompted a search for better methods of producing e-business. Although a number of synthetic methods for judging of e-business have been reported, elementary and efficient approaches still remain scare.LimitationTo collect more information from present fast moving situation, manage formal and informal question within the time will be main problem for this study. Anyway, more limitation will be including actually when I will handing out data.Reflection e-banking is the real output of the impact of traditional bank.TimetableTask sorbEndResearch proposal of marriage10/11/201018/11/2010Topic selection19/ 10/201022/11/2010 determination23/11/201030/11/2010Literature review01/12/201010/12/2010Problem identification11/12/201015/12/2010Methodology15/12/201020/12/2010 draftsmanship21/12/201027/12/2010Submission of research proposal28/12/201008/12/2010ConclusionThe result of this study shows that traditional bank users are not completely satisfied in comparison with online banking system. Traditional bank did not provide sufficient facilities to their clients that they obtained from online bank organizers. For instant, e-bank consumers are achieving several benefits such as ATM, internet banking, credit card and a range of buying or selling option. As a result, most of the customers are moving to e-banking system. Usefulness, perceived ease of use consumer awareness and perceived risk are the important determinants of e-banking banking adoption.This study meets the desired objective but it suffers from one setback. Study concludes that a majority of customers are accepting e-banking since of many positive issues. We concluded that value, effortlessness of use of the system and the awareness about online banking and risks related to it. Those are real thing to accept online banking system. These factors have a bulletproof and positive effect on customers to accept online banking system.These researches provide a rapid entry to justify business market in all conditions. This methodology is expected to be widely used in e-banking sector. Therefore, the process will provide a new entry into the active system for up(a) traditional banking system.

Animal Farm And Russian Revolution

creature rise And Russian RevolutionM any(prenominal) of the carnals in Animal erect direct represent the dominant figures in Soviet Union from the times of the Russian Revolution to the Tehran Conference. First of all, gaga major(ip)(ip) who appears at the beginning of the unused is the creature translation of Vladimir Lenin and Karl Marx. Karl Marx was a philosopher who wrote The commie Manifesto. This book talks ab come out of the closet a communist government. This eccentric of government abolishes class system and encourages equality among other human beings. same Marx, Old Major in addition introduced the theory of Animalism where every animal should colligate to pissher against the humans. Old Major convinces the animal to believe in this theory by produceing that their misfortunes can all be traced spikelet to Man, who is the only creature that consumes without producing (Orwell, 7). In other words, Man takes advantage of the animals by forcing them to work the mselves to death, while the Man does nothing provided boss them around. Marx as well as wrote similar thing in his book when he talked about capitalistic government taking advantage of the working class. Both Marx and Old Major never saw their theory come true during their lifetime sternly it was adopted soon after their death. Soviet Union adopted socialism in 1917 when Vladimir Lenin came to the power. Lenin was a worry some other dominant figure in Soviet Union who resembles Old Major. He was the leader of the Bolshevik Party that seized break in the 1917 Revolution. He was inspired by Karl Marxs theory of Communism, which urges the workers of the world to unite against their economic oppressors. Like Lenin, Old Major outlines the principles of Animalism, a theory retentivity that all animals are equal and must revolt against their oppressors. Lenin was responsible for ever-changing Russia into the U.S.S.R., as old Major is responsible for transforming Manor Farm into Ani mal Farm. The U.S.S.R.s sag down depicted a hammer and sickle which was the tools of the rebelling workers and so the flag of Animal Farm features a horn and hoof. arcminutely, pile is an animal version of Joseph Stalin. Stalin was the second leader of the Soviet Union. afterward the revolution had occurred, Stalin was able to get rid of Trotsky, his main opp mavinnt. Like Stalin, snooze ran his opp 1nt sweet sand verbena mutilate the farm. Stalin consequently removed any other opponents and adopted nigh of their ideas. Likewise, in Animal Farm, forty winks do for certain no other animals would altercate him, and he took credit for increases idea of building the windmill. Napoleon controlled the mind of the animals and some animals started believing that, Napoleon is al demeanors right, (Orwell, 48). Stalin and Napoleon both wanted their nations to be great, so they began to agree plans to better their territories. While Stalin tried to industrialize the Soviet Union, Napoleon made plans to build the windmill to furnish electricity. Both likewise tried to get as much work as they could from the workers. even so out before gentleman War II, Stalin signed a non-aggression pact with Ger umpteen and trust Hitler to honour the terms. However, Stalin was deceived, and Germany invaded the Soviet Union. In Animal Farm Napoleon similarly trusted someone he should not have. Napoleon sold shade to Mr. Frederick, who deceived him by paying for the wood with false bank notes. Mr. Frederick and other husbandmans then tried to overrun Animal Farm, but they did not succeed interchangeable Germany never succeeds. Lastly, Character of Snowball is a bump office of Leo Trotsky. Trotsky was one of the original revolutionaries but as Stalin rose to power he became one of Stalins biggest enemies, and was eventu champion expelled from the Politburo in 1925 after one year, Stalin took control of the nation. Politburo is a policy-making Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, (Merriam-Webster.com). In the original, Snowball was exiled from the farm just as Trotsky had been in 1929. Trotsky was not only exiled in person, he was also expelled from the minds of the Russian community, his historical role was alter his face was erased from the photographs of the leadership of the revolution. In Russia he was denounced as a double-dealer and conspirator, and in 1940 a Stalinist agent assassinated him in Mexico City. Napoleon used propaganda techniques to erase Snowball from other animals minds. Napoleon used to sayThis explains that how animals were supposed to blame Snowball for any mishap that occurs on the farm. mankind in the Animal Farm is also a direct representation of dominant figures in the Soviet Union and its surrounding countries. Mr. Jones, who is a farmer and the owner of Manor Farm, represents the last Czar of Russia, Nicholas Alexandrovich Romanov (Nicholas II). During the Czar Nicholas IIs reign, the Russian spate experienced terrible poverty and turmoil, which was marked by the Bloody sunshine massacre in 1905 when protesters demanding social reforms were shot down by the soldiers near Nicholas palace. Like citizens of Soviet Union, animals were also not happy with Mr. Jones control. They said, Mr. Jones, had locked the hen-houses for the night, but was too drunk to remember to shut the pop-holes. With the light from his lantern dancing , he drew himself a last glass of beer from the barrel , and made his way up to bed, (Orwell, 1). This shows that character of Mr. Jones demonstrates that having power in no way core one is responsible or worthy of that power. When Russia entered World War I and lost more men than any uncouth in any earlier war, the furious and desperate people began a series of strikes and rebellions that signalled the obliterate of the Czars control. When his own generals withdrew their support of him, Nicholas renounced his throne in th e hopes of avoiding a genteel war but the civil war arrived in the form of the Bolshevik Revolution, when Nicholas, like Jones, was removed from his place of rule. Mr. Fredrick was an animal version of Adolf Hitler. Adolf Hitler was a ruthless authoritarian of Germany and was responsible for World War II. Mr. Frederick was also a tough, shrewd man, unceasingly involved in law suits and with a name for driving hard bargains, (Orwell, 38). These characteristic are similar to Hitlers characteristic and actions. Through the course of the book, Fredrick becomes an opposite and then a friend and then an enemy again to Napoleon, who happen upons many riddle deals and treaties with him. virtuoso of the major problems the two farms have is the issue of the timber. Napoleon sells the wood to Frederick for bank notes, only to find that they are false. During the world massive depression, countries were forced by necessity to trade with other countries. One country would have a product or natural resource another country would not therefore to survive, the country would trade. Many times the trades were unsporting and fraudulent. This created many international problems. Also, the deal symbolized the Non-Aggression Pact surrounded by Hitler and Stalin prior to World War II. This pact was then broken by Hitler when he invaded the Soviet Union. The breaking of the pact is similar to Frederick giving false notes to Napoleon. Pilkington symbolizes all the consort of the World War II except the Soviet Union. Like the Soviet Union before World War II, Animal Farm wasnt sure who their allies would be. But after losing the birth with Frederick (Germany), Napoleon (Stalin) decides to befriend Pilkington, and ally with him. Napoleon and the other pigs even go as far as inviting him over for dinner at the end of the book. Here Mr. Pilkington and his men hook Napoleon on the efficiency of Animal Farm. Russias allies, after the war, also prise its efficiency. Pilkington sa ys, If you have your lower animals to contend with, we have our lower classes (Orwell, 94). This represents the good relationship between them. Also, Pilkingtons large, poorly managed farm was figurative to the expansive British Empire, which was crumbling during the secondly World War. This is in contrast to Frederick, who has the opposite scenario for a small, better managed farm. afterwards the end of World War II, the Cold War was ignited between the US and the Soviet Union, similar to the end of the meeting where both Napoleon and Pilkington play simultaneously Ace of Spades, then get into a noisome argument over it.Many of the key events in The Animal Farm are representation of the events that occurred in the Soviet Union. Building of the windmill is a symbol of Stalins Five Year Plan. Just as the windmill was promised to make the animals life easier, the Five-Year Plan was supposed to improve the Soviet industry as well as the working class life by increase production and allowing the Soviets to shorten the work-week. And just like the windmill, Stalins plan was a failure. After the destruction of the Windmill, the Animals decided to build another one and in real-life, Stalin also kept mixing out in the altogether Five-year Plans promising that each new plan would solve all of Russias problems and bring the USSR closer to equality with the industrialised nations of the west. Snowball was in a league with Jones from the start He was Joness secret agent all the time, (Orwell, 53), was Napoleons excuse to make the animals angry when the windmill was destroyed. This made animals to finish the windmill to show Snowball their unity. Battle of Cowshed represents the civil war between the Tsarists forces and Bolsheviks. This war is also known as the rose-cheeked October. This is where the Tsarists tried to take back the reign but they were defeated again. In the novel, Mr. Jones tried to back his farm but he was defeated. This only strengthens the animal farm. Animal Revolution represents Russian Revolution as a whole. in that respect are a few things to notice about the Battle of Cowshed. First, Snowball (Trotsky) emerges as a military hero. Second, Mollie the horse, who represents the Russian upper-middle-class runs off and plays little role in the battle. Third, Boxer, or the double for the working class, reveals himself as a powerful military force. As the narrator tells us, the most terrify spectacle of all was Boxer, rearing up on his hind legs and striking out with his great iron-shod hoofs like a stallion, (Orwell, 28). The Animal Revolution was supposed to make life better for everyone, but the life was worse at the end. The leaders also became the same as, or worse than, the other farmers (humans) they rebelled against. Even Russian Revolution was supposed to fix problems created by Czar, but the life became even worse after revolution. Both of these revolutions are based on the Communist theory and they both created ten sions among the working and higher classes.Many of the events, humans, and animals in the novel Animal Farm are direct representations of Soviet Unions and its surrounding areas. As you can see almost every event in the novel can be traced directly to an event in Russia during the period from 1900-1943, the overthrowing of Nicholas the Second to the battle of Cowshed. also all most all of the characters from Animal Farm can be traced to a person or group of people involved in the Russian Revolution for example Napoleon represents Stalin in the way that he is obsessed with keeping power, and that he gives the pigs special treatment, also the way he use propaganda to make outsiders believe everything is great and that he is a god like leader who could never do wrong. One of the most obvious reasons that napoleon represents Stalin is the way Napoleon over threw Snowball the way Stalin over threw Lenin. Also as is proven by the previous statement Snowball represents Lenin, in the way th at he took the teachings of Old major (Karl Marx) and over threw Mr. Jones (Nicholas the second). Snowball was great speakers as was Lenin, both were highly regarded by their followers and both were betrayed by their comrades.Work CitedOrwell, George. Animal Farm. recent York Harcourt, Brace, 1954. Print.George Orwell Animal Farm Interpretation of Characters and Symbols =. TheComplete Newspeak Dictionary from George Orwells 1984. Web. 10 Jan. 2011. .Politburo. Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. 2011. Merriam-Webster Online.6 January 2011 http//www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/politburoGrofman, Bernard. Pig and Proletariat Animal Farm as History. Irvine domesticate of SocialSciences, University of California, 1978. Print.The History of Russian Revolution. Marxist. Web. 10 Dec. 2011..

The Influence of an Interior Space on the Human Psyche

The Influence of an Interior Space on the Human head teacherIntroductionIn the research document below research give be done on how inclinationers are influenced by Biophilic inside physique concepts, the influence intragroup numberers have on relevant target trades and ones have for ill-tempered interior design influences in order to reach self-actualisation, what is more research will be done on the concept of Rene Desc dodgeess I think thusly I am theory save applied to the interior design world of I design therefore I am.In conclusion the author will summate the influences interior design has on the charitable psyche and the benefits one ass obtain from interior design.The charge and objectives of this research paper is to establish that entirely interior billets which surrounds us as individuals are designed with a incident purpose in mind, whether it be mechanical, functional, practical or purely aesthetical and that it does have an effect on us not only p hysically and emotionally but also cordially. Some interior designers cater for the deferral target with the goal in mind to satisfy qualitative needs, much(prenominal) as custom designs that are designed to order and produced exclusively for that particular clients needs of owning an exclusively designed custom interior set, universally relating to ones social condition. The niche target market is the top one percent of the economies income bracket, in other words the wealthiest individuals at heart the particular economy. The average income target market, is the market where designers aim to satisfy the decimal needs of the target market, designs are generally less exclusive and produced in bulk so that they are accessible by a large demographic, thus designs are rendered as more affordable.Interior Design sack improve ones quality of life as it is the environment around us affecting our mood, productivity, energy levels, aptitude and attitude. Creating a beautiful inte rior is about creating a piazza where you feel relaxed, comfortable, organised and at peace, the idea of the space is to be thought of as therapeutic. (Jess Douray, 2014). wellhead known sociologist Jean Baudrillard reasons that all objects chosen to fill an interior space is subconsciously placed within the space to tell a novel as they are the manifestation of ones character and desires. He suggests that us as individuals unconsciously judge interiors on four split value criterias, in addition to how the elbow live look at represent value.He further explains the questions of each value criteria as followsFunction impart this item fit your needs? Is the kitchen table big enough to fag end your whole family? Will this flooring cover the entire area of the room?Exchange Is this item worth the price? Would you rather have this special(a) high-end couch for R15, 000 or a whole bedroom suite for the kindred price?Symbolic Does this item have an emotional attachment? Did you discern a collection of family photos for your dcor or a print of a painting?Sign Does this item have a particular status symbol? Is it a name brand or a generic? (Jean Baudrillard, 2007).Interior design is about much more than designing for aesthetic appearance. It has to consider communication and the key user experience how spaces work how they reelect a message and how individuals respond to this when conducting their daily lives and even how people carry around space and interact with objects or people. When within popular design culture, people consider the look of architecture the true meaning of spaces and places is highly-developed by interior specialists. These are people with the ability to combine engineering, construction, art and psychology in creating spaces they must consider the basic provision of spacial design.Interior design requires knowledge of appropriate building regulations, health and sentry go legislation, project planning and technical specifications, all applied in a creative fashion to generate an environment, all of the above needs to be taken into consideration when creating successful designs.PROJECT BACKGROUND AND MOTIVATIONThe authors last goal of the below research document is to establish the value of interior designers and the impact they make in the environments we as individuals reside in.AIM AND OBJECTIVESThe aim of the following research paper is to establish the influence of an interior space on the human psyche, the importance of interior designers, the processes of interior design and the outcomes of a well-designed interior.STUDY DEFINEDThis research document will be represent on research done digitally, journals, published articles and books, encapsulating relevant information to that of the theme illustrated above, examples will be provided substantiating statement given along with illustrations and appendices. query STATEMENTThe importance of interior design and the effect it has on the human psyche alon g with how interior design influences an individual to the point of gain self-actualisation.RESEARCH SCOPE, LIMITATIONS AND CONSTRAINTSInterior design has been around for centuries and has played a full of life role in displaying social status, a sense of comfort and a individuals identity, it is how constantly evident in research done thus far-off that the importance interior design has on an individuals mental well-being and vitality, has not been defined in great detail. A general lack of information on the benefits interior design possesses and the impact it has in an individuals daily lives has become apparent.DESIGN SCOPE, LIMITATIONS AND CONSTRAINTSThe author has found within the research done that an individuals surrounding interior does not only affect their productivity and mood but their thought process processes and even their physical well-being and health. The lighter and more open the space, the more easily one can become focused, the darker more congested the sp ace the more one can feel overwhelmed or even trapped. Biophilic design can reduce stress, enhance creativity and clarity of thought, improve our well-being and promote healing as the world population continues to urbanize, these qualities are ever more important. Theorists, research scientists, and design practitioners have been working for decades to define aspects of reputation that most impact our satisfaction with the built environment The (Terrapin bright green, 2014). The ponder of biophilic design will be further explored throughout the research paper. commentary OF TERMSInterior design- the art or job of planning how the rooms of a building should be furnished and decoratedBiophilic Design- is an innovative focal point of designing the places where we live, work, and learn. We need nature in a deep and rudimentary fashion, but we have often designed our cities and suburbs in ways that some(prenominal) degrade the environment and alienate us from nature.BIBLIOGRAPHYDict ionary. 2015. Interior design description and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary. ONLINE for sale at http//www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/interior%20design. Accessed 19 March 2015.2015. An interior designer has a direct influence on the places and spaces we occupy Magazines Student The Independent . ONLINE Available at http//www.independent.co.uk/student/magazines/an-interior-designer-has-a-direct-influence-on-the-places-and-spaces-we-occupy-760044.html. Accessed 19 March 2015.2015. what is biophilic design? Google Search. ONLINE Available at https//www.google.co.za/search?q=what+is+biophilic+design%3Fie=utf-8oe=utf-8aq=trls=org.mozillaen-USunofficialclient=firefoxchannel=ntsgfe_rd=crei=BPEKVeS8BIiP7AbIq4G4BArls=org.mozillaen-USunofficialchannel=ntsq=biophilic+design. Accessed 19 March 2015.2015. Interior design Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary. ONLINE Available at http//www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/interior%20design. Accessed 19 March 2015.APPENDIXChapter 1 Literature reviewChapter 2 Research theoryChapter 3 Findings support by relevant researchChapter 4 Designs conceptual development finis

Gender Issues in Developing Countries

grammatical gender Issues in Developing CountriesEmpowerwork forcet of Rural Woman in Bangladesh with AgricultureIntroductionThe gender issue in under create countries again highlighted at the World Conference on Women in Beijing in 1995 (Hicks, 1997). Womens work in the productive and amicable sectors is a find aspect of outgrowth. Ein truthone has a unique classification of empowerment based on his or her feel experiences, behavior, and ambitions, person has the power to decide about their things, their life, and their actions nookie be identified as empowerment. Rao and Kelleher stated that the capacity of women to be economically self-sufficient and self-reliant with control over decisions affecting their life options and license from furiousness (Rao and Kelleher, 1995). The disempowerment of women reflects upon their less education level income, control over their have got income, bargaining power in selling their own produce and labor. This amenable condition ende d an overall dependency of women on their male relatives through with(predicate) their life cycle particularly in developing countries which lowers their value of life in the society.Bangladesh is a developing country, according to the United Nations sexual practice-related maturement forefinger (GDI), Bangladesh ranked 105th out of a total of 177 countries worldwide (Grimm, Harttgen et al., 2008). A patriarchal social system reign the life of women in Bangladesh, controls a womens mobility, the intents and everyday jobs. In Bangladesh traditionally men dominate women in all spheres of life. The poor women in pastoral aras having the least power, have but a(prenominal) rights, little choice about their lives, and very few chances to modification their condition. Women in Bangladesh in rude bea argon generally illiterate and much have the least to eat.Though, despite all of the problems, women do play a significant intent in boorish activities in Bangladesh. Agricultur al activities includes go production and processing, post-harvest operations, gillyflower husbandry, aquaculture and agro-social forestry.Figure 1 The Ratio of economically alive(p) women working in gardening, 1980-2010 Source FAO (2003)LIFDCs low income food deficit countriesLDCs least(prenominal) Developed CountriesThe female constituent to the overall economy in developing countries have particularly 43% of the agricultural labor force in developing countries in the agricultural sector wish Bangladesh but societal and economic constraints limit their further inclusion in this field. ( forage and system of rules, 2011). Around 84% of the total population lives in untaught areas where agriculture plays vital role in the economy, this sector comprises crops, forests, fisheries and livestock, Womens involvement to agriculture considered as gratuitous family labor, is grossly underestimated. Bangladesh is a traditional Muslim country where women are hardly participate in ag ricultural activities outside home (Hossain and Bayes, 2009). In Bangladesh the womens agricultural activities limited to homestead production and post-harvest operations but in late days they are somely involve in livestock and domestic fowl rearing activities besides crop production. In Bangladesh womens part to socio-economic festering were not noticeable, beca use up of a set of social standards which allowed men to dominate womenWomens contribution in agricultural production is processing and fund of grains and pulses with house based weakened-scale exertion. Men specially worked in normal space like the fields, roads and market place on the an opposite(prenominal) hand restrictions pr guinea pig women from attending the market. The contribution of women remains socially hidden control over the proceeds of their labor is transferred to male hands.In the typesetters case of rice, which is the main crops in Bangladesh provides a significant example of this process. Main responsible for(p) for preparing the fields, sowing the seeds, weeding and harvesting are men also carried the harvest home and abet in the threshing. Women then conquest the process the paddy into rice, includes parboiling and drying the paddy, and storing the grain. In Bangladesh women fatigued an average of 3.1 hours per day on agricultural work while men spent 5.1 hours (Zaman, 1995).In Bangladesh the farm technologies are not adequately developed to handle although elaborateness of women in agriculture increasing (Jaim and Hossain, 2011). Womens role is changing from unpaid family worker to active worker which is called as feminisation of agriculture in the absence of male members in the family. Contribution of women in the agricultural sector has increase over time. Womens work change magnitude from 3.2 million in Survey 1985/86 to 21 million in Survey 1989 (Rahman and Routray, 1998). During 19992000 and 200506, the number has increased from 3.76 to 7.71 million (Asa duzzaman, 2010).Women more likely to be involved in the agricultural sector who has poor phratrys and risk of existence food-insecure, because theres earnings are essential to their families survival.Limited use of ownership, and control of productive physical and human capital emphasis on womens baron to generate income in the agricultural sector. The disadvantage of Bangladeshi women relative to men with respect to assets brought to marriage, and human capital (Quisumbing, 2003). Women in Bangladesh resort behind in terms of education and the lack of education in adult women in Bangladesh live below half a dollar bill a day make them very poor (Ahmed, Hill et al., 2007) outgrowth in fowl created many employment chance in domestic fowl pains and poultry related products. The revolution in poultry industry has achieved more than 200 percent harvest-festival last 5 years because of new technology.(Shamsuddoha, 2005) Poultry rearing can be considered as an selection income generating activity for the increment of rural women of Bangladesh.Poultry farming is mostly homestead-based and contributes an important role to the agricultural sector in Bangladesh. Poultry rearing generates exceptional income for these families which is a part of agro-rearing practices of the village community of Bangladesh. Around 89% of the rural house-holds rear poultry (Fattah, 2000), mainly operated and managed by rural women on a small scale. Furthermore 70% of rural landless women are right away or indirectly involved in poultry rearing activities.Family restrictions, social and traditional barriers keep rural women unable to work outside their home. For these problematic circumstances, homestead poultry rearing is considered the best way to add contribution to the household. It requires least land, small amount of investment and traditional knowledge. Now a days one of the main sources of income for the rural women of Bangladesh is home-based poultry. They have the opportunity to spend the earnings for children, special occasions even educating their children. extra income from home-based poultry rearing provides the survival of rural families which empowered by decision making process and gives them freedom to take part in making family decisions. (Hadi, 1997).By increasing the food consumption and nutrient intake poultry shows religious service rural women (Nielsen, Roos et al., 2003). Now a days the growing awareness in Bangladesh is rural women can play a vital role to the socio-economic growth of the country and provide their families with a higher standard of living (Alam, 1997). In this way poultry rearing can provide significant benefits to rural women in Bangladesh which lead to better empowerment.Bangladesh is the most promising countries for fresh water aquaculture industry which is second only to agriculture in the overall economy for its gigantic water resources and sub-tropical climate conditions. Women are involved in sundry (a) aspects of freshwater aquaculture activities like fish feeding, on-farm feed preparation, pond fertilization, stocking and harvesting. Womens participation in the fish industry the production has increased by up to 20% (Ahmed and Toufique, 2014). Aquaculture related activities are very important for the empowerment of rural women in Bangladesh. Most rural women have the absence of technical knowledge in aquaculture, heavy household tasks and socio-cultural constraints such as mobility restriction keeps out womens participation in aquaculture activities. For this contribution in aquaculture by women is under expectation. Economic, nutritionary and social benefits are interlinked in order to empower rural women in Bangladesh. Women have generally improved their standard of living, purchasing power and ability as an economic actor which enhance their position in families. Womens participation in aquaculture improve empowerment which give them greater equity, mobility, more control over resources and political awareness helps to reduce incidents of domestic violence .The expansion of small-scale aquaculture in rural Bangladesh, the women are now interruption through the traditional norms and able to come forward for participate in the development activities outside their homesteads.Several rural women in Bangladesh have successfully adopted and developed with aquaculture production. They feed and harvest fish, also raise electrocute to yield fingerlings for stocking ponds, they are mainly responsible for the skilled and time down tasks that take place on-shore like making and mending nets, processing and merchandise fish.Women are previously engaged in coastal area of Bangladesh where peewee farming is a dominant occupation. Nearly 85% of the women are involved in fry collecting which does not interfere with their day-to-day household work, and helps addition the household income.(Shelly and Costa, 2002).Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) in Bangladesh works upon addressing poverty as considerably as rural development, gender equality, environmental preservation, tragedy management, human rights and other social issues. It also support communal and financial empowerment of the poor, microcredit, agriculture and related activities, water supply and sanitation, women entrepreneur development and other areas.Bangladesh is the most active NGO sector in the developing world, over 6000 registered NGOs are active and about 10 percent play a major(ip) role. (Rahman, 2006)The NGOs works on many programs to develop women development and sustainable development in the society, raise the capacity of the women to participate in national, social and republican processes and to participate in national and local business activities. Most of the sectors are agro based due to most of the women are still engaged with the agro-based sectors like paddy production, poultry farming, dairy farming etc.ConclusionIn recent year a great percentage women i n Bangladesh are both directly and indirectly involved in agricultural activities . In crop production activities women involvement is mostly related to managerial activities. Women kindly pre-harvest as well as post- harvest technologies for crop production and processing. association of women in Livestock and poultry production activities as well as in homestead gardening has gradually increased to a veritable extent. A women in Bangladesh feel more comfortable in agricultural activities. If a woman achieve capability in 80% or more of the weighted pointed as empoweredWhen economic activities incise the rural women benefit most in Bangladesh. Socioeconomic conditions rise within the households with increased participation in aquaculture, which give her increased decision-making power on household management and income making activities. Poverty is the main cause of difference in a rural phenomenon, for the impact of fisheries and aquaculture gender equity become very high. Most prominently visible economic benefits were able to originate from various activities has gained them suitable place in the decision making process.ReferencesAhmed, A. U., et al. (2007). The worlds most deprived Characteristics and causes of extreme poverty and hunger International Food Policy Research Institute. Washington, DC 145.Ahmed, N. and K. A. Toufique (2014). Greening the blue revolution of smallscale freshwater aquaculture in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Aquaculture Research.Alam, J. (1997). Impact of smallholder livestock development project in some selected areas of rural Bangladesh. Livestock research for rural development 9(3) 1-14.Asaduzzaman, M. (2010). The next agricultural transition in Bangladesh Which transition, why and how? conference on Understanding the Next Generation in Asia, Bangkok, April.Fattah, K. A. (2000). Poultry as a tool in poverty eradication and promotion of gender equality. Frands Dolberg and Poul Henning Petersen (eds.) 10.Food, U. and A. Organizati on (2011). The State of Food and Agriculture 20102011 Women in Agriculture Closing the Gender Gap for Development. FAO Home, http//www. fao. org/docrep/013/i2050e/i2050e00. htm (accessed 1 November 2011).Grimm, M., et al. (2008). A human development index by income groups.World development 36(12) 2527-2546.Hadi, A. (1997). The NGO intervention and womens empowerment--the Bangladesh experience.Hicks, D. A. (1997). The inequality-adjusted human development index a constructive proposal. World development 25(8) 1283-1298.Hossain, M. and A. Bayes (2009). Rural economy and livelihoods Insights from Bangladesh, AH Development Publishing House.Jaim, W. and M. Hossain (2011). Womens Participation in Agriculture in Bangladesh 1988-2008 Changes and Determinants. pre-conference event on Dynamics of Rural Livelihoods and Poverty in South Asia seventh Asian Society of Agricultural Economists (ASAE) International Conference Hanoi, Vietnam.Nielsen, H., et al. (2003). The impact of semi-scavenging poultry production on the consumption of animal source foods by women and girls in Bangladesh. The daybook of nutrition 133(11) 4027S-4030S.Quisumbing, A. R. (2003). Household decisions, gender, and development a synthesis of recent research, International Food Policy Research Institute.Rahman, S. (2006). Development, democracy and the NGO sector theory and evidence from Bangladesh. Journal of developing societies 22(4) 451-473.Rahman, S. and J. K. Routray (1998). Technological change and womens participation in crop production in Bangladesh. Gender, Technology and Development 2(2) 243-267.Rao, A. and D. Kelleher (1995). Engendering organizational change the BRAC case. IDS bulletin 26(3) 69-78.Shamsuddoha, M. (2005). Poultry rearing-an alternative income generating activity for rural women development of Bangladesh.Chittagong University Journal of Commerce 19.Shelly, A. and M. Costa (2002). Women in aquaculture initiatives of caritas Bangladesh. Penang, Malaysia, ICLARM-The World Fish core 77-87.Zaman, H. (1995). Patterns of activity and use of time in rural Bangladesh class, gender, and seasonal variations. The Journal of Developing Areas 371-388.

Reflections on Nagarjuna’s The Refutation of Criticism (Vigrahavyavartani) :: Nagarjuna Essays

Reflections on Nagarjunas The falsehood of Criticism (Vigrahavyavartani)ABSTRACT In verse nine of the Vigrahavyavartani, Nagarjuna go alongs a abnegation of his skepticism by insisting that he makes no proposition (pratijna) concerning the temperament of reality. B. K. Matilal has argued that this position is not an untenable one for a skeptic to hold, victimization as an explanatory model Searles distinction between a propositional and an illocutionary negation. The argument runs that Nagarjuna does not refute rival philosophical positions by only when refuting whatever positive claims those positions might make, but rather he refuses the very(prenominal) interpret of making an assertion. From this kind of illocutionary negation, however, a current paradoxicality arises for in the negating the act of assertion, the skeptic is barred from asserting his or her own position, for under this condition, if he or she asserts that position, it is falsified I want to argue that thith er are certain senses in which it seems that Nagarjunas resorting to the illocution we find in the Vigrahavyavartani may not stupefy been necessary for the maintenance of his skeptical position, for he has recourse to prasanga counter-arguments which can unceasingly offset the metaphysical and epistemological claims of the Hindu and Buddhist philosophers whom he confronts. there are also places in the Karika itself, where certain pramanas seem to be employed, that give one the impression that this kind of skepticism and the pramanas are only hostile to one another insofar as the latter may stretch out to the metaphysical, essentialist extremes criticized by the Buddhists. Nagarjunas illocution in this light seems an attempt to radicalize his difference from a developing Nyaya extensionalist theory of the pramanas, a theory in which the Buddhists and the Naiyayikas are close-set(prenominal) than anywhere else. In verse nine of his Vigrahavyavartani, Nagarjuna thematizes an obj ect glassion to his skeptical optic position in the following way.If all things were devoid of an unalienable nature, there would, nevertheless, be an absence of intrinsic nature (yadi sarvadharmanam svabhava na bhavet tatrani nihsvabhava bhavet). But then, regular this name absence of intrinsic nature would not be assertable (tatra nihsvabhava ity evam namani na bhavet).Why? Because there is no name whatever without an object (nama hinirvastukam kimcid api nasti). Thus since the name exists (namasadbhavat), there is an intrinsic nature of the things and since they have an intrinsic nature, all things are non-void (asunya). (1)In the famous twenty-ninth verse, Nagarjuna, addressing the objection, writes

Wuthering Heights Summary Essay -- essays research papers

Set in the wild, rugged country of Yorkshire in northern England during the late eighteenth century, Emily Brontes masterpiece novel, Wuthering Heights, clearly illustrates the conflict betwixt the principles of storm and calm. The reoccurring theme of this story is captured by the intense, almost inhuman know between Catherine and Heathcliff and the numerous barriers preventing their union. The fascinating tale of Wuthering Heights is t older mainly done the eyes of Nelly Dean, the former servant to the two great farmings, to Mr. Lockwood, the current live of the Grange.The tale of Wuthering Heights begins with the respectable Earnshaw family. After a his trip to Liverpool, old Mr. Earnshaw returns home to Wuthering Heights with a dirty, ragged, black-haired child named Heathcliff. As he grows older, Heathcliff, to the dismay of Hindley Earnshaw, usurps the affections of non only Hindleys father, but also that of his younger sister Catherine. Thereafter, in let on collectab le to his jealous behavior, Hindley is sent away to school. Years later due to old Mr. Earnshaws death, a married Hindley returns, now the master of Wuthering Heights. Intent on revenge, Hindley treats Heathcliff as a servant and frequently attempts to break Heathcliff and Catherines unique bond. in advance Hindley can do more harm though, Fate seems to step in. cod to a leg injury, Catherine is forced to stay at Thrushcross Grange, the neighboring estate of Wuthering Heights, where she consequently meets...

Sullivan vs. Bennett Essay -- Gay Marriage Homosexuality Essays

Sullivan vs. BennettThe ii texts examined within, present the opposing extremes of views regarding gay and homo sexual urgeual spousal. The first-class honours degree text entitled let Gays Marry by Andrew Sullivan examines the intricacies of same wake up relationships and why homo shake upual couples should be allowed to publicly show affection for angiotensin converting enzyme another. The second text that will be examined is titled Leave nuptials Alone written by William Bennett. Bennett gives his views on why couples of same sex nature should not be allowed to engage in marital relations. These two authors, although very divers(prenominal), each has a view of the ideals of marriage, and how it should be presented to the public.Sullivan, a proponent of same sex marriages is a firm believer that gay and lesbian couples should be treated as equals in society and no distinguishable than anyone else. Many people are afraid of the effects that same sex marriages whitetho rn have on our culture, and Sullivan explains that gay men and women are no different from anyone else in society as far as semipolitical and moral beliefs are concerned. These people are not out to channel America as a whole, they scarcely want the freedom to steady down and to do as they wish. Sullivan explains that homosexuals want the right to marry for the same reasons as anyone else and that the lobbying of gays in America, for marriage, is not to destroy our moral system or who we are, they just want to be able to devote to one another as a regular couple does. Same sex marriage may operatem, to some, a crazy idea as marriage in this unsophisticated is built on the foundation of a man and a muliebrity marrying, but Sullivan points out that until recent centuries marriage was a contract into which a woman entered so that she would be controlled by her husba... ... to agree on the event that the issue at hand is one of religion. Religion seems to be the deciding fac tor right now when it comes to the question of what is right and what is wrong. Both authors see religion as the main concern when the question of homosexual marriage is brought up. So as each has very different ideals for society as a whole, both Bennett and Sullivan try to represent the happiness of the people as a whole, in their own ways. The two authors present very different points of view and each has well thought out reasoning bum what he has to say. Although the authors feel very different about how marriage should hold out and how it should be regulated, there is some common ground between the authors.CitationsSullivan, Andrew. Let Gays Marry. United States Random, 2002Bennett, William. Leave Marriage Alone. United States Random, 2002

Federalist versus Antifederalists Essays -- American government, Polit

From the birth of our Re universal, Federalists and Antifederalist debated the nature of democracy and representation. One argument tough competing views of communities of interest and the nature of representation. Federalists desired a strong national judicature ruled by the political elite. Leaders should be isolated from the public and focus on making broad decisions at the national level. Antifederalists estimate promotion of local interests through likeminded congressional representation. Government should be as close to the people as possible and representatives actions should be based on their atoms wishes. Political compromises were reached as demonstrated in the makeup and subsequent composition of congress. The debate concerning the nature of democracy and representation continues today, beamed in the differing and competing goals of redistricting, in part cod to the vague nature and wording deep down the constitution. Both Federalist and Antifederalist vie ws atomic number 18 reflected in modern politics however American politics has consistently moved towards an Antifederalist ideology since the decline in condition of political parties.For the Antifederalists, communities of interest have a narrow definition, one which is two geographically and interest specific. Government should be close to the people with straight off democracy impractical, representation becomes necessary (FF 7, p.43). For representation to be accurate congressmen should reflect the local communities they represent a large number of representatives with small constituencies are necessary to insure individual interests are entertained. Small constituencies provide a more intimate relationship an increase in personal experience and communal... ...t government should be more accessible and is too far take from the public. Evidence shows that congressmen are concerned with staying connected to districts and invest considerable metre and energy being visi ble and available publically. Racial gerrymandering has provided unique descriptive representation opportunities but at the expense of historical geographic voter turnout communities. People hate congress but love their incumbent due to a committee system which generally rewards seniority and personalized constituent services. The high reelection rate has resulted in the institutional memory desired by Federalists while partisan gerrymandering has made political seats safer on some(prenominal) sides of the isle. Both sides are partially represented in 21st light speed politics but neither the Federalists nor Antifederalist would consider our current political modality ideal.

Nelly Dean, the Narrator of Emily Brontes Wuthering Heights Essay

Wuthering heights Nelly the Narrator Emily Bronte wrote the maintain Wuthering Heights from the narrative point of view of Nelly, a servant who lived nigh of her life with Catherine. Many have questioned why Bronte would do so. Why did she not favor someone with more knowledge? Why did she not choose a major character like Heathcliff or Catherine? The choice to devote Nelly the narrator is what makes the daybook so great. She is one who qualifies most to be the narrator. This book is very much some love and hate, and Nelly is the one who is totally un-opinionated about the characters. She was like a mother figure, always there for everybody, and listened to them. That is what made her a good narrator because she always knew how everyone felt. She lived At Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange all her life, and see the first and second multiplication, therefore she knew exactly what went on. If Heathcliff was the narrator, you would not know how Isabella or Edgar felt due to their lack of communication or friendship. Although Heathcliffs opinions are valuable, Nellys knowledge is more valuable because she got along with and talked to everybody. Nelly never unfeignedly had a life of her own because she lived at Wuthering Heights all her life. at that placefore, Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange were her life. Nelly was more than a servant, and had a personal relationship with most of the characters. This is why her story is so efficient, and her lack of knowledge not as important. S... ...rst generation were left Thrushcross Grange. In the end, we realize that Nelly was more than a servant. She was a department of their lives, and considerably a major character. Without the presence of Nelly, the book would not be the same. Catherine and Heathcliff would not have anyone to consult or look after them. There really was not a mother in the story, but Nelly is a great deal everyones mother. It is very questionable, but Nelly could be more important than Heathcliff (who is more promising favored to being the most important.) NOTES ***SEVERAL TIMES SEMICOLONS WERE USED subsequently AN INTRODUCTORY CLAUSE WHEN COMMAS SHOULD HAVE BEEN USED*** ***WATCH VERB TENSE demand SURE IT STAYS CONSISTENT WHEN YOU ARE RECALLING THE EVENTS OF THE STORY***

Flattery Holds The Key :: essays research papers

Its a Saturday shadow and you want to go out for the evening. To do this you need the car, what do you do? Flattery is the way to go " Mom, did you lose weight? You look amazing Is that a new hair color? New outfit? " Your mama is so flattered that when you ask for the car she doesnt need to conceptualise twice in the first place she hands you the keys. From that point on, you know that whenever you want something all you have to do is put on the charm, flash that big smile and tell a few white lies. After this your wish is their command. Why is this? Well, as you screwing see plaudit leave alone get you everywhere. Even Shakespeare knew the powers of flattery. He portrays in flattery in the play fairy Lear by the characters Regan and Goneril. It is clear that flattery makes every goal attainable whether it be wealth, power and even the approximately sacred sense love.It is unimaginable that a father would divide his wealth among his children according to their ski lls in flattery. All parents are supposed to love their children at an equal level, no matter how much their child flatters them. Which parent would think to ask their children to outdo each other in a battle of words to win their bills and material goods. This is the case in Shakespeares King Lear. Even in the first scene Lear is asking his daughters which one of them loves him more. " Which of you shall we recount doth love us most? That we our largest bounty may extend" (I,i, 52-53). With this deal of knowing who loves him more, Lear offers a reward, all his land. This reward is key to the show of emotion each daughter displays to please her father. His two older daughters jump at the opportunity to compliment and flatter their father, but their words are empty-bellied promises and lies. These two daughter are only kind to Lear when he has money The wise fool tells Lear that only when there is a reward will he be treated kindly by his children. "Fathers that wear rags/ Do make their children blind/ But fathers that bear bags/ Shall see their children kind" (II,iv,48-51). Regan and Goneril pass on their father pretty words on a silver criminal record and Lear swallows every lie.

Permaculture †A Sustainable Future Essays -- Environment Environmenta

The term perma shade was coined in 1978 by Bill Mollison, an Australian ecologist, with one of his students, David Holmgren. It is a contraction of unceasing agriculture and overly permanent culture. Permaculture is a relatively broad term subject to interpretation, but slackly it is a design system for creating sustainable human environments. The aim is to farm systems that are ecologically sound and economically feasible, which do non ill-use or pollute and are therefore sustainable in the coarse term. It is based on the careful observation of natural ecosystems, the value of traditional farming practices, and modern scientific and technological knowledge (Mollison, 1991). The basic philosophical system of permaculture is a philosophy of working with, alternatively than against nature, of thoughtful observation rather than thoughtless labor, and of understanding the multiple functions of plants and animals, instead of treating them as single-product system s. Permaculture presents an alternative to nerve-racking to make the environment yield to our brute strength and blows. Bill Mollison, in his book Introduction to Permaculture, asserts that if we attack nature we attack (and ultimately destroy) ourselves(Mollison, 1991). Mollison, 1991, also states that harmony with nature is only possible if humans can sky the notion that we are superior to the natural world. He states, We are not superior to other life-forms all living things are an expression of Life. If we could recover that truth, we would see that everything we do to other life-forms we also do to ourselves. A culture which understands this does not, without absolute necessity, destroy any living thing. Permaculture in its design recognizes th... ...ibliographyChristensen, Bill. Harvested Rainwater, Nov. 2002, http//www.greenbuilder.com/sourcebook/. Fry, Kirby, and Inger Meyer. A Photographic Tour of Cross Timbers, 1994, http//csf.colorado.edu/perma/ctpi/i mages/tour.html.Harland, Maddy. Permaculture Design Bites. May, 2002. http//www.permaculture.co.uk/info/what.htmlHolmgren, David. http//www.thefarm.org/permaculture/Leisure beach Permaculture Visions. Whats the Difference Between Organic Gardening and Permaculture, July, 2001.Mollison, Bill. Introduction to Permaculture. Tagari Publications, Tagari Australia 1991.Wasser, Katherine. about Permaculture A Brief Introduction. Tucson Food Co-op News, August 1994.http//members.ozemail.com.au/askpv/organic-perma.htm.http//www.permaculture-hawaii.com/intern.htmlhttp//www.permaearth.org/

The Wholeness of the Individual in Society Essay -- Religion God Relig

The Wholeness of the Individual in monastic orderCertain statements made by Pope John Paul II in his commentary on the lasting significance of the papal distributed Rerum Novarum, resonate in a highly spiritual plane, others a highly earthly one, and others in both at once. I would posit that this integrated place is of utmost significance to a sound doctrine of affectionate justice in society, with which both documents are highly concerned. The current pontiff most clearly states the intertwining of the spiritual and physical needs of the hu universe world when he says that the Churchs social teaching is itself a valid instrument of evangelization and reveals man to himself (John Paul II, 78). Like Pope John Paul II, I ensure the social doctrine of the Church as more than an opportunity to return others how good God is and how much they need the spiritual salvation that comes from this alike Gods goodness. I believe in Gods goodness, God is content to care for Gods created and high-priced children through fostering the practice of justice and peace as built-in threads in the tapestry of all ...

Mobile Phones Essay -- Technology

In their relatively short period of widespread routine since their introduction in 1978 (Agar, 2003), handheld planetary telephones have had a monumental impact across the globe on a social and stinting level, however the long term impact of their character is difficult to predict. scorn this, mobile use in Australia has rapidly grown to rate of roughly 130 phones per 100 people (MNO Directory, 2011), one of the highest in the world. Increasingly, consumers are purchase smart phones, which have the same capabilities as computers in terms of net profit access and processing power (Macmillan, 2007). These modern smart phones also brook for advanced features, such as mobile high-speed access to the network and social media, and the ability to create, consume and share multi media all from the one device. This constantly on connectivity has, however, raised concerns regarding the outcomes of constant exposure to mobile phone radiation, except despite the potential risks, Aust ralians continue to use mobile telephones and their various features more than ever before. The use of social networking applications, such as Facebook and Twitter, on mobile devices has been rapidly rising, and it has been estimated that there are 925 million users of mobile social networking cosmopolitan in 2012 (Meyers, 2008). With modern smart phones being able to access the profits in almost the same way as a scope computer, the mobile phone has changed from a communication device, to something that constantly connects people with non only other people, but provides a constant source of freshly information and media. While current research suggests that use of the internet use can strengthen social contact, community engagement and attachment (Ellison, 2007), definite exper... ...ederal Communications CommissionFAQS - Wireless Phones. n.d.. http//www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/faqs-wireless-phonesevidence (accessed 14/05/2012). Garnell, C. Apps the in store(predicate) of te ch or a passing fad?. April 2011. http//www.techradar.com/news/ computer software/applications/apps-the-future-of-tech-or-a-passing-fad--941212 (accessed 14/05/2012). MacMillan English Dictionary for Advanced Learners. 2ed. Macmillan, 2007. Macrae, F. Mobile phones CAN sum up cancer risk Shock finding by major aim. The Daily Mail, 2011. Meyers, J. US Mobile Social Networking and the Millennial Generation. Scottsdale InStat, 2008. MNO DirectoryAustralia Mobile foodstuff Q1 2008 - Q1 2011, PDF Report. 2011. http//mnodirectory.com/Australia.htm (accessed 15/05/2012). Sigman, A. Decline In Face-to-Face Contact coupled to Biological Changes in Humans. Biologist, 2009, 2.

NJROTC purpose :: essays research papers

The NJROTC, or Naval Junior evoke Officer Training Corpse, is built not that to teach mellowed school students about the navy but also allows student to convey our great leaders of the future. In NJROTC cadets are asked to live up to really high standards because those students in NJROTC are thought of as the outdo of the best and are at that school to represent the military way of life. In this program I arrive learned three traits that will friend me better myself not only in the future but in the day I live today. These traits that I speak of are discipline, punctuality, and respect. If not for NJROTC I would have not been as great a someone and would have little or no direction in my life. unmatched of the most important things that most cadets learn in NJROTC is to be head disciplined. Without the discipline instilled in every cadet, there would be total topsy-turvydom and anarchy. Discipline helps us to march, to be able to sit down and do our homework when it needs to be done, and to keep our mouths shut when someone else has the floor. Because of the devil years that I have completed of NJROTC, I have essential discipline because the instructors and the other cadets have pounded it into my brain like a square block going into a round hole, but this time it got through. In the future I will need discipline to not only seize a occupancy but also keep it. If, in the future, I do not have the discipline to stay with a single job, my life will never amount to anything. Even though discipline is a large subject, the first thing about organism disciplined is being punctual.Punctuality is another thing that I have learned in NJROTC, but with much hard work did I learn this. We all know that we slip up sometimes and dross around from class to class. Because of this we make ourselves youthful sometimes, and no one wants to get a tardy, so our instructors offer a healthy alternative. If you are late to class then you have the option of doing push -ups or getting a tardy, now witch would you rather do? Not only does this penalisation instill punctuality, but if you are hard headed you can build up incredible upper body strength. Being punctual to a job will allow me to keep it and also impress my bosses.

Manpower v. Monster :: essays research papers

The two art based Internet websites I require to research were www.monster.com and www. manpower.com.Monster.com claims to be the largest and most comprehensive job search locomotive on the World Wide Web. Jeff Taylor, who is the CEO, founded the company in 1994. Monster.com is a cosmos company and is traded on the NASDAQ under the ticker symbol (MNST). The company withal has twenty-three sites in countries around the world. Monster.coms website is very(prenominal) user friendly, it is very easy to navigate through the site to find what you are aspect for. One of the great benefits about Monster.com is their career advice section. The section provides job seekers priceless information such as, resume tips, interviewing tools, expert advice on salaries in diametric careers, message boards for networking with employers and others job seekers, and also relocating tools such as moving advice and al-Qaeda mortgage quotes. Furthermore, Monster.com also provides specialized advic e and job searches in antithetic industries from health care to government positions. Also, Monster.com provides job searches for special interests such as military and propose work. One of the legion(predicate) things that I find interesting about Monster.com is that they assign free fax numbers, free newsletters regarding current issues/news on different careers, a print c go in to make business cards, letterheads, and even contend labels where as Manpower.com does not provide these services. Monster.com does allow users with current accounts to post resumes on the website for potential employers to search. I performed a mock job search and was strike by not having to register to just search the database where as many companies require setting up a username and password just to search. Monster.com allows job seekers to perform simple or advanced job searches, where you crumb enter key words, wage options such as, hourly or salary, or precise city locations to narrow your s earch. Another great advantage I swear that Monster.com has over Manpower is their Monster Learning Center where the public can find degree programs at local college and also online universities.Manpower.com was established in Milwaukee, Wisconsin in 1948. Manpower is considered to be the world leader in the physical exertion services industry. The company provides permanent, temporary and contract recruitment, training, financial services, and organizational consulting to businesses as well as job seekers. Manpower has offices in Canada, France, and the United Kingdom. on that point are 4, 300 offices in 67 different countries and territories with 27, 000 employees worldwide as of 2004.

America is Not Responsible for September 11 :: September 11 Terrorism Essays

America is Not Responsible for September 11   I am get under ones skining to understand something somewhat disturbing roughly the September 11 attack on the United States. I hear pile in the press saying it. I hear it from distant spokesmen and organizations. And now I hear students and professors agreeing. What they are all saying is that American foreign policy is responsible for this attack. This is not the first time I confuse heard it. I read this when I was researching Internet sites in the set East for a school project. But now I hear it in America. Well, I absolutely reject that belief. And before you start down that road, let me give you an alternative argument and the facts to accompany it.   In todays world of sound-bite journalism and quick, dumbed-down consequences, this is an easy solution to a problem that doesnt have an easy solution. Sure, jump on the bandwagon. Blame America for all the bountiful things that happen to her. We are big, powerful and an easy target. Why not blessed us? Who else can you blame?   Well, simply put, the United States did not gear up the bombs that have killed close to 9,000 Americans in the last decade. Someone else did. Nine potassium Americans were lost in terrorist bombings around the world in a decade. compose think this is our fault? There are some good critiques of American foreign policy. But when do we say enough is enough? When do we put the safety of our citizens above public opinion in other(a) countries? Can we not say to the world that these are our policies, they are establish on good values and sound judgement, without fear of being killed? The answer is yes, we can, we will and we must. If we do not, then the hatred of a small nonage dominates the rule of law for the vast majority.   Let us examine the American foreign policy that is so terrible that terrorists feel justified murdering people in the hundreds and thousands at a time. I think you will beguile it may no t be the root of all evil.   First, let us examine our relations with Israel versus the Palestinians. This is the center of the criticism laid upon the backs of Americans dealing with the Middle East for at least 40 years.

The Stock Market Essay examples -- Economy, Malaysia, Capital Market

The economic conditions were not that favourable during the fiscal crisis in 1997. Instability in the international financial markets in overrule spilled over into the domestic financial markets. Continued waves of adjustment in both the currency and stock markets, coupled with the decline in domestic and merchandise demand subsequently prompted a shift to more growth promoting policies. iodin of the institutions that affected was Malaysian stock market.In general, Malaysia stock market contributes to the silk hat allocation of capital resourcesamong numerous users. The roles of the stock market argon in the main to facilitate and encourage the mobilization of funds, direct them towards efficient economic activities, cater adequate liquidity for investors and encourage the creation of large-scale enterprises, The Kuala Lumpur Stock put back Index (CI) is the most popular indicator of the Kuala Lumpur stock market per shitance. The CI represents share prices of 100 Corporations . These companies are chosen because their operations cover a broad spectrum of economic performance in Malaysia and more significantly fall stock market activities with fair accuracy, Stock prices depend on the tote up and demand for the stock, it causes by the factors that stock prices to be more volatile is check allow for of new issues despite of strong demand for the stocks. This restriction of supply leads to more price fluctuations, which are common to all stock markets. However, two things prevent an infinite price increase in the stock market. Firstly, the meter of money available in any country is finite. As the grunter market proceeds, more and more of the countrys savings are invested in the stock market and eventually the people involved office face liquidity... ...economic variables for emerging economies. At all, the studies have shown the existence of a calorie-free form of market efficiency among the EMFs for respective extents of instruction and countri es. Recently the studies through examine the cointegration between macroeconomic variables and stock prices in order to taste for the informational efficient market hypothesis. All the studies are covering on the period before the financial crises in July 1997. However, there is no attempt to study the cointegration between the variables and the stock market later the financial crisis. Hence, this study check over the relationship between stock market returns and underlying macroeconomic variables, for the Malaysia as country known as a member of ASEAN for the period after the Asian financial crises, to determine whether or not the weak form of market efficiency to exist in Malaysia.

The Inuit People :: Expository Essays Research Papers

The Inuit packInuit A People Preserved By IceThousands of years ago, during the last ice age, mile-thick glaciers cover a vast portion of North America, and the Asian continent was coupled to North America by a land bridge. The Arctic areas of Alaska, Beringia, and Siberia were relinquish of ice. Vast herds of caribou, muskoxen, and bison migrated to these plains. Following them were the nomadic Asian ancestors of todays Inuit and Indians. The doorway to Asia closed approximately three or four thousand years later as the glaciers receded and melted. These masses the Inuit (meaning the people), adapted to their harsh tundra environwork forcet and developed a finis that remained untainted for a long time. The Inuit people relied solely on track down for their existence. With summers barely lasting two months, agriculture was non-existent. Animals such as caribou and impression were vital. Groups of bleeders would stalk and kill many caribou with fragile bows make of driftwood, and their bounty was split evenly amongst the tribe. Bone spears were fashioned to hunt seals which provided food, oil, clothes, and tents. The seal skins were also used to construct kayaks and other boats that the Inuit would use to travel and to hunt whales. One advantage of the sterile cold of the arctic was that it kept these people free of disease (until they met the white man.) Inuit tribes consisted of two to ten loosely joined families. There was no one central leader in the host all decisions were made by the community as a whole. Nor was in that respect any definite set of laws the Inuit, though usually cheery and optimistic, were disposed to uncontrolled bursts of rage. Murder was common amongst them and it went unpunished unless an individuals murders occured too often. At that point, that soulfulness was deemed unstable, and the community appointed a man to terminate him/her.In their society, the duties of men and women were strictly separated. The males would hunt , fish and construct the tools used by the family. Women, however, were responsible for killing the animal skins, cooking, sewing the clothes ( a womans sewing ability was evenly as attractive to a man as her beauty was), and rhytidectomy the children. Male children were preferred because they could care for their parents in their old age female person children when often strangled soon after birth.Although today Christianity has breached some of the south tribes, the vast majority practice a form of animism.